Functional Groups

Question 1

Carbonyl (aldehyde)

Answer 1

Central carbon
- double bonded O side
- single bonded H

Question 2

Carbonal (Ketone)

Answer 2

central carbon
- double bonded O side

Question 3

Carboxyl

Answer 3

central carbon
- double bonded O side
- single bonded negatively charge O

Question 4

Hydroxyl

Answer 4

OH
- no central carbon

Question 5

Amino

Answer 5

central N
- two single bonded H

Question 6

Amido

Answer 6

C single bonded to N
- double bonded O off of C side
- two single bonded H off of N

Question 7

Guanidino

Answer 7

Central carbon single bonded to two N’s and double bonded to one N
- one H single bonded on each N (side) except the end one has two

Question 8

Imidazole

Answer 8

5 ring consisting of one double bonded C-C and one double bonded C-N
- H is single bonded to the non double bond N
- H is single bonded to the two double bonded C’s

Question 9

Sulfhydryl

Answer 9

S single bonded to H

Question 10

Disulfide

Answer 10

S single bonded to S

Question 11

Phosphoryl

Answer 11

central P
- double bonded to O
- single bonded to O-
- single bonded to OH

Question 12

Thioester

Answer 12

central carbon
- single bonded to S
- double bonded O side

Question 13

methyl

Answer 13

central C
- three H single bonded

Question 14

Phosphoanhydride

Answer 14

central O single bonded to two P’s
- each P has a double bonded O and a single bonded O-