Question 1

The surfactant that floats around in our alveolar fluids typically has a _______ shelf life.

Accepted Answer

short

Question 2

What are type II alveolar cells?

Accepted Answer

Alveolar cells that produce surfactant

Question 3

What are type I alveolar cells?

Accepted Answer

These cells are thin and cover a lot of surface area on the alveoli. They are responsible for gas exchange.

Question 4

During normal breathing, inspiration will generate negative alveolar pressure. What effect will this cause on the surfactants lining the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

The negative alveolar pressure will cause the surfactant to be knocked loose. This will cause the lungs to replace the lost surfactant. If the lungs are deflated and don't have enough negative alveolar pressure, less surfactant will be knocked loose and replaced.

Question 5

Does positive pressure ventilation affect that process of replacing surfactant?

Accepted Answer

Yes.

Question 6

Does positive pressure ventilation affect that process of replacing surfactant?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Alveolar pressure has to be negative to normally jar some surfactant loose. Breathing on an artificial ventilator is not the same as somebody who's breathing on their own. With long term vent use, lungs usually start to misbehave. (52:00)

Question 7

What cell in the alveolus non-selectively engulfs and destroy pathogens and surfactants?

Accepted Answer

Alveolar Macrophage (60:00)

Question 8

What is the function of spirometry? What is the limitation simple spirometry?

Accepted Answer

Spirometry can measures air movement in and out of the patient. Spirometry can not measure RV or any capacities that involve RV such as FRC and TLC. (73:00)

Question 9

What indicator is used as a diagnostic measurement of FRC? How does it work?

Accepted Answer

Helium (The system usually contains about 10% He) The test starts with a known concentration of Helium and known volume in the deluxe spirometer system. The patient then takes a few normal breaths in the spirometer to allow Helium to diffuse to the lungs. This will result in a new concentration of He, which can be used to calculate FRC. (Refer to min 81:00 for math)

Question 10

What were the inert noble gases mentioned in this lecture?

Accepted Answer

He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn

Question 11

What is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the US?

Accepted Answer

Radon

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Exam 2 Lecture 12 (3-9-23) Do-over Pulmonary Lecture, Spirometry, V/Q Matching (Andy's Cards) Flashcards

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