Pediatric UTI Flashcards
UTI - Most Common Pathogen
E. coli
UTI - Risk Factors
neonates / infants
female sex
uncircumcised
constipation
anatomic / functional abnormalities
female sexual activity
DM
immunocompromised state
UTI - Complicated
GU tract with structural / functional abnormalities
UTI - Signs & Symptoms in Neonates
jaundice
FTT
fever
difficulty feeding
irritability
vomiting & diarrhea
UTI - Signs & Symptoms in Infants & Children < 2 years
nonspecific S&S similar to neonates with the exception of jaundice
cloudy or malodorous urine
hematuria
frequency
dysuria
UTI - Signs & Symptoms in Children > 2 years
fever
frequency
dysuria
enuresis
hematuria
abdominal pain
UTI - Diagnostic Criteria
bacteriuria + pyuria
> 100,000 cfu/mL in clean catch
> 50,000 cfu/mL in catheterization
UTI - First-Line Treatment
cephalosporins
SMX/TMP
BL/BLI
UTI - Duration of Therapy (Uncomplicated)
7 days
UTI - Duration of Therapy (Complicated)
10-14 days
SMX/TMP - Contraindications
infants < 2 months old
Vesicoureteral Reflux
retrograde urinary flow from bladder to ureters
VUR - Risk Factors
febrile UTI
parent / sibling with VUR
prenatal hydronephrosis
UTI Prophylaxis - Candidates
anatomic / functional abnormalities
children with VUR
children with dysfunctional voiding
immunocompromised state
children with recurrent UTIs
UTI Prophylaxis - Antibiotics
amoxicillin 10-15 mg/kg/day (< 2 months)
cephalexin 12-15 mg/kg/day (generally avoided)
nitrofurantoin 1-2 mg/kg/day (> 2 months)
SMX/TMP 2 mg/kg/day (> 2 months)
