Experimental Design Flashcards
What is independent groups?
Each participant only takes part in one condition
What is repeated measures?
Each participant takes part in both conditions and their performance is compared
What is matched pairs?
Different participants are used in each conditions but are matched based on characteristics such as IQ, age etc.
What are the advantages of independent groups design?
Less materials needed
No order effects
Less chance of demand characteristics
What are the disadvantages of independent groups design?
More participants needed
Individual differences may affect study
How can the disadvantages (order effects) of independent groups design be overcome?
Counter-balancing
G1: Treatment 1 - Treatment 2
G2: Treatment 2 - Treatment 1
What are the advantages of matched pairs?
Less chance of individual differences
No order effects
Less chance of demand characteristics
What are the disadvantages of matched pairs?
More participants needed
Longer time consuming process
Matching can be difficult
How can the disadvantages of matched pairs design be overcome?
Participant variables independent groups - in each condition just have one type of person e.g. age
What are the advantages of repeated measures?
Less participants needed
No individual differences
What are the disadvantages of matched pairs?
Chance of demand characteristics
Chance of order effects
Takes more time and materials
