Haitian Revolution

Question 1

What is a revolution?

Answer 1

An historical event that results in dramatic change in society or government

Question 2

What is the Haitian revolution

Answer 2

The Haitian revolution was a social and political upheaval in the french colony of saint domingue during 1791 - 1804

Question 3

What was the treaty called between france and spain?

Answer 3

Treaty of Ryswick

Question 4

When was the treaty?

Answer 4

1695

Question 5

What happened during the treaty

Answer 5

Spain gave the french a legal right to the western part of Hispaniola

Question 6

What was the colonial social pyramid of saint domingue like

Answer 6

Grand blancs
Petit Blancs
Colorured/Free blacks/Affranchis
Slaves

Question 7

What was Haiti previously called

Answer 7

Saint Domingue

Question 8

Who were grand blancs

Answer 8

they were wealthy planters, as well as french aristocrats

Question 9

Who were petit blancs

Answer 9

They were Government officials, managers, overseers, professionals, and artisans

Question 10

Who were free blacks / Affranchis

Answer 10

Theses were Affranchis; they were owners of 1/3 of lands and of many slaves but were despised by whites and discriminated against

Question 11

Who were slaves

Answer 11

They were owned and abused by whites and coloured alike

Question 12

How many of the populations were gand blancs

Answer 12

40,000

Question 13

How many of the population were Petit Blancs

Answer 13

40,000

Question 14

How many of the populations were Affranchis

Answer 14

28,000

Question 15

How many of the population were slaves

Answer 15

452,000

Question 16

what was the role of toussaint

Answer 16

A miliary leader in the haitian revolution

Question 17

What was the role of toussaint before becoming a military leader

Answer 17

Toussaint was a slave

Question 18

What year did Toussaint die

Answer 18

1803

Question 19

When was toussaint born

Answer 19

1743

Question 20

When did Toussaint gain his freedom

Answer 20

1776

Question 21

When did the haitian revolution begin

Answer 21

1791

Question 22

When did Toussaint join the french republic side

Answer 22

1793

Question 23

When was Toussaint appointed as Governer General of Saint Domingue

Answer 23

1796

Question 24

When was the Napoleonic forces seeking to reimpose slavery

Answer 24

1802

Question 25

When was Toussaint captured

Answer 25

1802

Question 26

when did the Haitian revolution continue after Toussaint’s death?

Answer 26

1803

Question 27

When did haiti gain independence

Answer 27

1804

Question 28

Who was Jean-Jacques Dessalines

Answer 28

He was a Haitian revolutionary leader who played a vital role in securing Haitian independence from France. After Toussaint L’Ouverture was captured by the France, he took command and led the Haitian forces to victory

Question 29

Who fought alongside Toussaint After he was captured?

Answer 29

Jean-Jacques Dessalines

Question 30

Who was Toussaint Louverture captured by

Answer 30

The french

Question 31

When did Jean-Jacques Dessalines born and die

Answer 31

1758 - 1806

Question 32

Who was Napoleon Bonaparte

Answer 32

He was an emperor of France from 1804 to 1815. During his reign, he attempted to re-establish French control over Saint Domingue by sending a large expeditionary force led by his brother-in-law, General Charles Leclerc but were defeated by the Haitian army that was led by Dessalines

Question 33

When was Napoleon born and die

Answer 33

1769 - 1821

Question 34

what are the differences in some states of free coloreds

Answer 34

In some Caribbean regions, free coloreds had more rights and opportunities compared to other colonies

Question 35

What were Toussaint L’ouverture’s successes

Answer 35

Military Leadership - Toussaint L’ouverture skillfully maneuvered against various European powers and internal factions

Diplomacy - Successfully negotiated with different colonial power, including France, Britain, and Spain to secure strategic advantages for saint domingue

Abolition of Slavery - Played a crucial role in the abolition of slavery in saint Domingue

Question 36

What were Toussaint L’ouverture’challenges

Answer 36

Conflict with Mulatto Leaders - Experienced conflicts with mulatto leaders like Andre Rigaud which created divisions within the revolutionary forces.

Uncertain Loyalties - Faced challenges in maintaining loyalty among leaders and military commanders.

Question 37

Compare and contrast the social structures of pre-revolutionary Haiti and other colonies

Answer 37

Social Structure with pre-revolutionary Haiti:
Racial Hierarchy - The social structure in Haiti were categorised based on their racial background. Examples: Grand Blancs, Petit Blancs and African born.

Enslaved Population - Majority of the population consisted of enslaved individuals of African descents, which resulted to harsh conditions on plantations. These were found at the bottom of the social structure.

Limited rights for free coloreds - Despite being free, they were denied certain rights and privileges based on their race.

Social Structure with other Caribbean countries:
Varied Social Structure - Factors such as the extent of slavery, the presence of free coloreds, and the influence of different European powers led to diverse social systems

Influence of European Colonial Powers - The extent of control, economic practices, and treatment of different racial groups varied depending on the colonizing nation.

Question 38

List the produce that was done on the plantations in St. Domingue before 1789

Answer 38

Coffee
Sugar
Indigo
Cotton

Question 39

Who is a mulatto

Answer 39

Mulatto is a term used to define a child of mixed, black and white descents

Question 40

Explain the exclusive system

Answer 40

Manufactured goods that the colony needed they were compelled to buy from france. The goods were only to be transported in french ships

Question 41

Who was the head of Government in St. Domingue before 1789

Answer 41

King Louis XVI (16)