Respiration, Diet and Biological Molecules

Question 1

State the word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 1

Glucose + Oxygen –> Carbon Dioxide + Water

Question 2

State a balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 2

C6H1206 +602 –>6C02 +6H20

Question 3

State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in mammals

Answer 3

Glucose –> Lactic Acid

Question 4

State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and fungi

Answer 4

Glucose –> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide

Question 5

What is the role of ATP in respiration?

Answer 5

It is produced to provide energy for cells

Question 6

Compare the ATP produced in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Answer 6

More ATP is produced in aerobic than in anaerobic respiration

Question 7

Aside from chemical energy (ATP) in what other form is energy lost in respiration?

Answer 7

Heat energry

Question 8

Identify the chemical elements present in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids

Answer 8

Carbohydrates and Lipids both contain CHO (carbon, hydrogen and oxygen).
Proteins contain CHON (same elements as above + nitrogen)

Question 9

Give 5 examples of carbohydrate molecules

Answer 9

Glucose, starch, sucrose, cellulose and glycogen

Question 10

State the basic subunit of proteins

Answer 10

Amino acids

Question 10

State the chemical used to test for starch. Give the positive result.

Answer 10

Iodine Solution (Brown)
Positive Result: Blue-Black

Question 11

State the basic subunits of lipids

Answer 11

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 12

State the chemical used to test for protein and give the positive result

Answer 12

Biuret (Blue)
Positive Result: Purple

Question 13

Describe the chemical test for lipids and give the positive result

Answer 13

Dissolve sample in ethanol and add cold water,
Positive result: cloudy white emulsion appears

Question 14

Describe the chemical test for glucose and give the positive result

Answer 14

Add Benedict’s solution (blue) to sample and heat in a water bath (75 degrees c)
Positive result: brick red (green, orange intermediate colours)

Question 15

Define the term balance diet

Answer 15

Appropriate proportions of nutrients: carbohydrate, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, water and dietary fibre

Question 16

Give two examples for each nutrient for: carbohydrates, proteins and lipids

Answer 16

Carbohydrates: Pasta, Rice, Potatoes
Proteins: Meat, Fish
Lipids: Butter, cheese, milk,

Question 17

Describe the functions of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids

Answer 17

Carbohydrates: respired to release energy
Proteins: growth and repair
Lipids: insulation and high energy source

Question 18

State a source of each vitamin - A, C and D

Answer 18

Vitamin A: carrots and sweet potato
Vitamin C: citrus fruits
Vitamin D: sunlight, fish, liver

Question 19

Suggest a consequence of low fibre in a diet

Answer 19

constipation

Question 20

Suggest a consequence of low vitamin C in the diet

Answer 20

Scurvy

Question 21

Suggest a consequence of low iron in the diet

Answer 21

Anaemia (less haemoglobin so fewer red blood cells)

Question 22

Suggest a consequence of low calcium in the diet

Answer 22

Poor bone and teeth development

Question 23

State two sources of iron in the diet

Answer 23

Red meat and spinach

Question 24

State three factors that affect energy requirements of individuals

Answer 24

Age
Pregnancy
Activity Levels