8. Exercise as Medicine

Question 1

physical activity

Answer 1

any bodily movement produced by contraction of skeletal muscle the substantially increases energy expenditure

Question 2

exercise

Answer 2

any bodily movement carried out with the goal of sustaining or improving health and/or fitness

Question 3

sedentary behaviour

Answer 3

any waking behavior characterized by energy expenditure less than 1.5 METS

Question 4

cardiorespiratory fitness

Answer 4

the ability of the circulatory, respiratory and muscular systems to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity

Question 5

London bus drivers study

Answer 5

• higher incidence of CHD than bus conductors

Question 6

the Dallas Bed Rest and Training Study

Answer 6

• 5 healthy 20 year olds volunteered to lie in bed for three weeks after 8 weeks of intensive dynamic exercise training
• Average VO2max declined 27%

Question 7

exercise and healthy aging

Answer 7

Physical activity and exercise have beneficial effects on clinical endpoints in a range of diseases, including many associated with ageing

Question 8

is physical inactivity worse for your health than smoking

Answer 8

• inactivity caused more than 5.3 million of the 57 million deaths that occurred worldwide in 2008
• achieving and maintaining very high levels of aerobic fitness may be particularly important in older patients

Question 9

what is a result of having higher muscle strength

Answer 9

adults with higher muscle strength have a 14% lower risk of death compared with adults with lower muscle strength

Question 10

sarcopenia

Answer 10

the age related decline in muscle mass

Question 11

osteoporosis - how to prevent

Answer 11

moderate impact exercise and strength training reduces the rate of bone mass loss

balance training to prevent falls (fall precipitate 90% of fractures)

Question 12

physical activity and cancer

Answer 12

10% reduction in risk across cancer types associated with physical activitity

Question 13

burden of physical inactivity

Answer 13

• global health problem
• 23% of adults and 81% on adolescents do not meet the recommended amounts of physical activity
• as countries grow economically they become more physical inactive due to increased technology, transportation ect.

Question 14

what is the dose

Answer 14

more is better but some is better than none