Q&A 1 Flashcards
view is?
postero-anterior
view most commonly used for
posterior mandible assessment
* ramus and angles (condyles obscured)
* allow to assess fractures of mandible - side by side so can compare, more obvious than OPT as front on not side on
view is
occipitomeatal
(up the nose view)
OM used to assess
mid face (sinus, orbit, nasal bone as well as zygomatic arch)
what transverse planes are used to position the pt for panoramic radiographs and skull view radiographs?
a)All use Frankfort
b)All use orbitomeatal
c)Frankfort for OPT and orbitomeatal for skull
d)Orbitomeatal for OPT and Frankfort for skull view
c)Frankfort for OPT and orbitomeatal for skull
frankfort plane
used for OPTs
Get head in position that it would be when standing up
Normal head position
orbitomeatal line
matches skull base
outer canthus of the eye through to external auditory meatus
used for skull view radiographs
position for occipitomeatal radiograph
grey is OM line
red is beam
position for postero-anterior mandible/skull radiograph
Grey is OM line
Red is beam
position for reverse towne’s view
Grey is OM line
Red is beam
assess condyles for condylar fractures
less common
how to position pt for skull view radiograhs
whatever is comfortable and safe for them e.g. been in RTA
Depends on the pt - position around them
Work out OM in relation to receptor and then beam for receptor
what to inc in radiographic report of PA
Teeth present
Bone levels
Disease present - caries, periapical pathology
* Lamina dura, PDL widening, radiolucency around apex, root #
* Loss of lamina dura is first sign of apical pathology
Diagnostically acceptable or not
Restorations
Any close anatomical structures - IAN, sinus
report
11, 12
Deep mesial caries 11, breaching pulp, subgingival
No radiolucency at apex of tooth or PDL widening
Minimal bone loss
12 has a palatal pit - v shape with line (caries risk point as hard to clean and close proximity to pulp) - assess clinically regularly
12 and 11D has incisal tooth wear
palatine suture mesial to 11
report
Anterior PA
32, 31, 41, 42
Well defined partially corticated circular radiolucency around 41, reaching mesial 31
* No sign of lamina dura - PDL space continues into radiolucency
* Classical periapical abscess
Widening of PDL space 31
No caries present
No restorations present
Trauma is a possible cause of loss of vitality
report
Dens in dente (dens invaginates)
* Will have crease in tooth - bacteria ingress, hard to clean, non vital quickly
Rotated
Large periapical radiolucency - no lamina dura, continuous with PDL space
report and possible dx
Hamulus - projection behind tuberosity
Inferior border of maxillary sinus - uniform, corticated and smooth
Radiopaque defined circle distal to 15, with a thin radiolucent margine with a corticated margin around that
* Possible - retained root (likely), odontome
Odotnome - tends to have variations in radiodensity
See zygomatic buttress at top of sinus
Don’t jump straight to dx - describe
report
Left sided OPT
Gross caries DO 36, breaching pulp to furcation, subgingival - widening of PDL around M and D roots, interradicular bone loss, radiopacity around distal apex of 36 (condensing osteitis/sclerosing osteitis)
Unerupted lower and upper left 8
Likely TTP - acute periapical periodontitis (clinical dx)
condensing osteitis/scelrosis osteitis
natural reaction to chronic inflammation to protect infection spreading
report
full OPT
Radiolucent lesion on left ramus
* Unilocular (one signular structure)
* Corticated - clean radiopaque line
Cuase expansion of mandible and displacement of lower left 8
* Potentially continuous with dental folicle - dentingous cyst
Poss cyst, tumour
Wont have large hole
* Be more like a balloon - expand out
Front of ramus is further forward - over crown of 7 unlikely RHS
report anomaly here
No pulp canals or chambers
Dentine dysplasia
Looks similar to denitgous imperfecta
