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Hematology > Unit 3 - CBC > Flashcards

Unit 3 - CBC Flashcards

1
Q

Volume of blood in the body

A

4-6 Liters

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2
Q

Approximately what % of the total body weight is blood?

A

8%

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3
Q

What percent of blood is plasma?

A

~55%

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4
Q

What makes up plasma?

A

Proteins, electrolytes, hormones
Water

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5
Q

What percent of blood is cellular elements?

A

~45%

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6
Q

What is the optional component in CBC?

A

Microscopic evaluation

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7
Q

What does extra anticoagulant do?

A

Cause shrinkage

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8
Q

Ideal peripheral smears are made within

A

3 hours

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9
Q

What does EDTA do

A

Chelates calcium

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10
Q

Perform CBC on room temp blood within

A

6 hours

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11
Q

Perform CBC on refrigerated blood within

A

24 hours

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12
Q

When should a sample be prepared for blood smear?

A

within 2-3 hours of collection

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13
Q

What if a blood smear is prepared after more than 5 hours after collection have passed

A

Results in artifacts

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14
Q

When is it acceptable to prepare a blood smear without anticoagulant?

A

Smear from direct finger puncture

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15
Q

When must a finger puncture blood smear be prepared?

A

Immediately

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16
Q

When to reject CBC specimen?

A

Too old
Any clotting! even if microscopic

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17
Q

Why is clotting not accepted for CBC specimen?

A

Activates and consumes coagulation factors
Blood cells bind

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18
Q

WBC reference range in CBC

A

4.0-11.0x10^3 cells/mcL
No sex difference

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19
Q

RBC reference range in CBC

A

Male: 4.50-5.90x10^6 cells/mcL
Female: 3.80-5.20x10^6

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20
Q

PLT reference range in CBC

A

150-450x10^3
No sex difference

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21
Q

Hgb concentration reference ranges

A

Male: 13.5-17.5 g/dL
Female: 12.0-16.0 g/dL

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22
Q

Hct reference ranges

A

Male: 42-52%
Female: 36-46%

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23
Q

Which of the indices are not averages?

A

RDW: Red cell distribution width

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24
Q

What is MCV

A

Mean corpuscular volume

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25
Q

MCV reference ranges

A

80.0-100.0fL

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26
Q

Normocytic

A

80-100fL

27
Q

Microcytic

A

<80fL

28
Q

Macrocytic

A

> 100fL

29
Q

What is MCH

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin

30
Q

MCH Reference interval

A

26.0-36.0 pg

31
Q

Normochromic

A

26.0-36.0 pg

32
Q

Hypochromic

A

<26.0 pg

33
Q

Hyperchromic

A

> 36.0 pg

34
Q

What is MCHC

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

35
Q

MCHC reference interval

A

32.0-36.0 g/dL

36
Q

Which index would you rather use for cell color?

A

MCHC

37
Q

What does MCH not take into account?

A

Cell size

38
Q

Larger cells have… ___ hgb?

A

More

39
Q

Normochromic (MCHC)

A

32-36 g/dL

40
Q

Hyperchromic (MCHC)

A

> 36 g/dL

41
Q

Hypochromic (MCHC)

A

<32 g/dL

42
Q

Hyperchromic is never valid except in…

A

Spherocytes

43
Q

What is RDW?

A

Variation of size in RBC population

44
Q

MCV Calculation

A

(HCT/RBC)*10 = fL

45
Q

MCV is evaluating…

A

Size of cells

46
Q

MCH is evaluating…

A

Concentration of hgb in cell. Evaluating color only

47
Q

MCHC is evaluating…

A

Concentration of hgb in cell taking into account size

48
Q

MCH Calculation

A

(Hgb/RBC)*10 = pg

49
Q

MCHC Calculation

A

(Hgb/HCT)*100 = g/dL

50
Q

RDW calculation

A

(1SD of MCV/MCV)*100 = %

51
Q

High RDW & What it means

A

> 14.5% indicates the RBC is heterogenous

52
Q

Anisocytosis

A

Variation in red cell size

53
Q

When does high RDW occur?

A

Diseases with abnormal RBC
Transfusions
Microcytosis (MCV) because denominator is lower

54
Q

When does Low RDW occur?

A

No known disease causes this
Macrocytosis can cause a lower number because denominator is higher

55
Q

What makes a good blood smear?

A

2/3 to 3/4 of slide
Thumbprint shape
Lateral edges visible
Smear is smooth
Feathered edge
Entire blood drop is used

56
Q

What components of Wright Giemsa stain ?

A

Fixative - Methanol
Eosin
Methylene Blue

57
Q

What pH should romanowski stain be at?

A

6.4-6.8

58
Q

Can you wave or blow a blood smear to make it dry faster?

A

no

59
Q

High MCV =

A

Macrocytes

60
Q

Low MCHC =

A

Large central pallor

61
Q

High RDW =

A

Anisocytosis or variation in abc

62
Q

What is the rule of 3?

A

Internal QC check on values related to RBC, Hgb, Hct

63
Q

Rule of 3 formulas

A

RBC count x 3 = Hgb
Hgb x 3 = Hct ± 3%

Hematology (12 decks)

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