Intro to AI

Question 1

How does AI work?

Answer 1

Leverages computers and machines to mimic the problem-solving and decision-making capabilities of the human mind

Question 2

What % of world storgae consists of medical data?

Answer 2

30%

Question 3

What was the first machine learning application?

Answer 3

The spam filter

Question 4

What is the recommender system?

Answer 4

A product that a client might be interested in, based on past purchases eg netflix

Question 5

What are 4 machine learning benefits?

Answer 5

faster detection
higher accuracy
improved effciency with larger data
real-time processing

Question 6

What is machine learning?

Answer 6

Science of programming computers so they can learn from data

Question 7

What are the 4 major categories of machine learning systems?

Answer 7

Supervised learning
unsupervised learning
semi-supervised learning
reinforcement learning

Question 8

What is supervised machine learning?

Answer 8

The training set feed to the algorithm includes the desired solutions called labels
Typical supervised learning task is classification

Question 9

What are 3 examples of supervised learning?

Answer 9

k-nearest neighbours
linear regression
logistic regression

Question 10

What is unsupervised ML?

Answer 10

training data is unlabeled and system tries to learn without a teacher
typical tasks are clustering, anomaly detection and dimensionality reduction

Question 11

What is semi-supervised ML?

Answer 11

algorithms that can deal with data that is partially labelled eg google photos recognising faces

Question 12

What is reinforcement learning?

Answer 12

Learning system called an agent can observe the environment, select and perform actions and get rewards/penalties in return

Question 13

What is a policy in reinforcement learning?

Answer 13

Defines what action the agent should choose when it is in a given situation

Question 14

What is deep learning a subdomain of?

Answer 14

Machine learning

Question 15

What does deep learning use?

Answer 15

Deep artificial neural networks to mimic the learning process of the human brain

Question 16

What type of learning is the most popular technique in the medical imaging field?

Answer 16

Deep learning for image segmentation, image and text classification and object detection

Question 17

What are CNNS?

Answer 17

Convolutional neural networks which perform most image-based tasks in medical imaging

Question 18

What are the 3 layers in CNN?

Answer 18

Convolutional
pooling
fully-connected

Question 19

What is convolution?

Answer 19

A kernal is applied to the input data to extract features and produce a feature map

Question 20

What is pooling?

Answer 20

Down-sampling operation that reduces the in-plane dimension of the feature maps

Question 21

What is the fully connected layers?

Answer 21

Maps features extracted by both convolutional layers and pooling layers to the final outputs of the model

Question 22

How is AI used in general radiography?

Answer 22

A 3D camera utilising DL (CNN) automatically detects the thorax, even when patients are clothed, and collimates accordingly

Question 23

What is the GE critical care suite 2.0?

Answer 23

Collection of AI algorithms embedded on mobile x-ray systems for assessing AP CXPs

Question 24

How is AI used in automated equipment maintenance?

Answer 24

ML gives an opportunity to turn long, unexpected downtimes into scheduled maintenance by predicting equipmemnt failure in advance

Question 25

What are 4 legal and ethical issues of AI?

Answer 25

Bias
lack of transparency and explainability
human expert deskilling
safety and privacy concerns