The Kidney

Question 1

Give the definition of excretion?

Answer 1

removal of metabolic waste

Question 2

Name one waste product of the kidney?

Answer 2

Urea

Question 3

What does urea become once excreted?

Answer 3

Urine

Question 4

Name all four objects that make up blood?

Answer 4

Red Blood Cell
White Blood Cell
Platelets
Plasma

Question 5

Name all the things that can be found in plasma?

Answer 5

Water, salts/ions, glucose, amino acids, urea, fatty acids, glycerol, hormones and CO2

Question 6

Name everything in urine?

Answer 6

Water
Urea
Slats/ions

Question 7

What two things give and take blood to/from the Kidney?

Answer 7

Renal artery and Renal Vein

Question 8

What tube takes urine to the bladder?

Answer 8

Ureter

Question 9

What stores urine?

Answer 9

Bladder

Question 10

Where does urine leave the bladder?

Answer 10

Urethra

Question 11

Give all the parts of the kidney?

Answer 11

Adrenal Gland
Cortex
Medula
Ureter
Renal vein/Artery

Question 12

What is actually inside the kidney?

Answer 12

A nephron

Question 13

Define the Nephron?

Answer 13

A tube in the Kidney

Question 14

Name all 8 parts of a Nephron?

Answer 14

Glomerulus
Bowman’s Capsule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Descending + Ascending limb
Loop of Henle
Distal Convolute Tubule
Collecting duct

Question 15

Name 2 important reactions which occur in the Nephron?

Answer 15

Ultrafiltration
Selective reabsorption

Question 16

Where does Ultrafiltration occur?

Answer 16

Glomerulus + Bowman’s Capsule

Question 17

What is the glomerulus?

Answer 17

A ball of capillaries

Question 18

What does the glomerulus do?

Answer 18

Acts as a filter allowing certain molecules to pass through, they are known as filtrate

Question 19

What does the Bowman’s Capsule do?

Answer 19

Holds Glomerulus

Question 20

Which molecules can and can’t be filtrated?

Answer 20

Can: Can’t:
- Water - RBC
- Slats - WBC
- Glucose - Platelets
- Urea - Proteins
- Amino Acids

Question 21

Where does selective reabsorption occur?

Answer 21

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

Question 22

Which four molecules are reabsorbed in the kidney?

Answer 22

Amino Acids
Glucose
Salts
H2O

Question 23

How do molecules leave the tube?

Answer 23

Via Active Transport

Question 24

Define Active Transport?

Answer 24

Net movement of molecules from a low to high concentration through a semi permeable membrane using energy

Question 25

What type of cells are needed in abundance for selective reabsorption?

Answer 25

Mitochondria