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A&P 2 > Ch. 14 > Flashcards

Ch. 14 Flashcards

1
Q

What % of blood is made of RBC?

A

45%

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2
Q

What are the formed elements?

A

RBC, WBC, platelets

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3
Q

In addition to other factors, ___ has an influence on determining blood volume.

A

% body fat

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4
Q

What type of formed element is most abundnat?

A

RBC

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5
Q

What type of blood cell is ciconcave and lacks a nucleus when they are mature?

A

RBC

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6
Q

Which cell type is an agranulocyte?

A

monocyte, lymphocyte

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7
Q

What describes platelets

A

fragments of cells

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8
Q

What is the primary function of lymphocytes?

A

protect against foreign substances

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9
Q

In the absence of ___, vitami B12 is poorly absorbed.

A

intrinsic factor

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10
Q

Biliverdin and bilirubin are pigments that result from the breakdown of what?

A

hemoglobin

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11
Q

Order of the breakdown products of hemoglobin

A

biliverdin, bilirubin

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12
Q

Iron is a component of what?

A

hemoglobin

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13
Q

Which of the formed elements releases serotonin?

A

platelets

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14
Q

Which WBC funtion as a phagocyte?

A

neutrophils, monocytes

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15
Q

How does heparin prevent the clotting of blood?

A

stops formation of pT activator and action of thrombin on fibrinogen

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16
Q

Cyanosis occurs when

A

increased amount of reduced hemoglobin (deoxyhemoglobin)

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17
Q

Underlying cause of sickle cell disease

A

genetic mutation

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18
Q

What form of anemia is caused by destruction of bone marrow?

A

aplastic

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19
Q

What type of WBC is important in immunity?

A

lymphocyte

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20
Q

Diapedesis

A

Movement of WBC through walls of capillaries

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21
Q

Following an injury, what stimulates the blood vessels in the area to spasm

A

serotonin released by platelets

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22
Q

The hormone ___ controls RBC production via a ___ feedback mechanism

A

EPO ; negative

23
Q

Creatinine is an example of what type of plasma component?

A

nonprotein nitrogenous substance

24
Q

Plasma electrolytes include:?

A

Na, K, chloride, bicarbonate

25
Q

Difference between serum and plasma?

A

serum does not include fibrinogen

26
Q

Thrombus definition

A

abnormal formed blood clot

27
Q

Prothrombin time blood test is used to evaluate which clotting mechanism?

A

extrinsic

28
Q

Thrombocytopenis is a

A

deficienfcy of platelets

29
Q

Whey type of antigens are found on the surface of RBC of a person with type AB blood?

A

A and B

30
Q

What determines an individual’s blood type?

A

presence of antigens or markers on RBC

31
Q

in what situation might erythroblastosis fetalis occur?

A

cecond rH + fetus growing in rH - woman

32
Q

What is true about a person who is Rh -?

A

plasma lacks Rh antigens

33
Q

What are universal precaustions?

A

hand washing, assuming everyone is contagious

34
Q

Describe leukemis?

A

cancer of WBC, too many immuture WBC

35
Q

What is the main function of plasma albumin

A

maintain osmotic pressure

36
Q

Least abundant leukocyte in blood sample?

A

bassophil

37
Q

What element is part of a hemoglobin molecule?

A

iron

38
Q

What are 2 substances that function to dissolve blood clots?

A

TPA and streptokinase

39
Q

Cyanosis is caused by an increased blood concentration of?

A

EPO

40
Q

Platelets are cell fragments that are released by what type of cell?

A

megakaryocytes

41
Q

If blood is too viscous, what happens to blood flow?

A

decreased rate, Sluggish

42
Q

Normal pH of blood?

A

7/3 - 7.5

43
Q

What is normal hematocrit?

A

45%T

44
Q

ypically, calues such as hematocrit, RBC count and hemoglobin concentration are higher in ____?

A

men than womenWhat is hemat

45
Q

What is hematocrit?

A

% RBC in blood

46
Q

What is normal white blood count?

A

4500 per Ml

47
Q

What is the correct sequence for differentiation of RBC?

A

hemocytoblast, myleoid stem cell, erythroblast, reticulocyte, erythrocyte

48
Q

What is hemolytic anemia?

A

decreased RBC due to destruction

49
Q

What is pernicious anemia?

A

inadequate levels of VB12

50
Q

Why might elite athletes abuse EPO?

A

helps w/ endurance, hard to detect, need more O for cellular respiration

51
Q

What is pulmonary embolism?

A

blood clot dislodges and reaches the lung

52
Q

What blood type can successfully be given to a person with type AB blood?

A

all

53
Q

Compare polycythemia with leukocytosis

A

polycythemia increased RBC and leukocytosis is increased WBC

A&P 2 (6 decks)

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