GEI Exam 2

Question 1

study of human populations (traits such as births, deaths, disease, and age ratio)

Answer 1

demography

Question 2

demo means…

Answer 2

people

Question 3

graph means…

Answer 3

measurement

Question 4

population at agricultural revolution (~10,000 B.C.)

Answer 4

5-10 million

Question 5

population by industrial revolution (~1800)

Answer 5

~1 billion

Question 6

Type of growth human population is experiencing

Answer 6

exponential

Question 7

Main factor to increased population rate in past 200 years

Answer 7

reduced death rate

Question 8

What other factors (other than reduced death rate) have increased population growth?

Answer 8

antibiotics and vaccines, better sanitation, technology, advances in agriculture

Question 9

Do MDCs or LDCs use more resources typically?

Answer 9

MDCs

Question 10

Is population growth rate typically higher in MDCs or LDCs?

Answer 10

LDCs

Question 11

• 1979-2015
• imposed fines for urban couples to have more than 1 child
• sex-selective abortions and female infanticide

Answer 11

China’s 1-child policy

Question 12

2 children per 1 woman

Answer 12

replacement rate

Question 13

Graphs that show proportions of a population in different age classes

Answer 13

age structure diagrams

Question 14

Countries with diagrams with steep sides has…

Answer 14

rapid growth rate

Question 15

• shows how birth rates and death rates change over time as a country goes through industrialization and development
• 4 stages

Answer 15

demographic transition model

Question 16

number and abundance of species in a habitat

Answer 16

biodiversity

Question 17

Biodiversity can involve… (3 things)

Answer 17

• number of species in a location
• number of individuals of each species (species abundance)
• genetic diversity

Question 18

variety of genes present in a population

Answer 18

genetic diversity

Question 19

Where is biodiversity greater? Why?

Answer 19

where
- near the equator

why
- latitude: greater solar energy, longer seasons

• age of ecosystem: less recovery from Ice Age

Question 20

Threats to biodiversity

Answer 20

habitat loss, overharvesting, invasive species, climate change

Question 21

altering a habitat for human use, killing or displacing native species

e.g. deforestation, clearing prairies, damming rivers

Answer 21

habitat loss

Question 22

e.g. western Atlantic cod populations

e.g. humpback and right whales

e.g. global pet trade

Answer 22

overharvesting

Question 23

extinct species that lived on Mauritius until sailors found them and hunted them to extinction since the species had no natural predators

Answer 23

dodo bird

Question 24

extinct relative to manatee that lived along NW coast of North America (hunted down in 27 years)

Answer 24

Stellar’s sea cow

Question 25

extinct species once common in North America that migrated in millions until overhunting and habitat loss

Answer 25

passenger pigeon