Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

chemotherapy > antiviral drugs: herpesviruses > Flashcards

antiviral drugs: herpesviruses Flashcards

1
Q

what is herpes simplex type-1

A

causes edema, hemorrhages and necrosis near temporal lobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is herpes simplex type-2

A

genital herpes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is varicella zoster virus

A

shingles
if this virus replicates it leads to nerve damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 4 diseases that kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus causes

A

1-kaposi’s sarcoma- antiproliferative tumour on skin, lymph nodes and viscera
2-multicentric castleman’s- lymphoproliferative
3-primary effusion lymphoma-aggressive
4-KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome- high tumours high morality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what happens in the lytic herpesvirus replication cycle

A

virus enters host cell
transcription
genome replication
virus assembly
virus envelopment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what happens after lytic infection

A

enters sensory neuronal axons migrates along to CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

explain the pathophysiology of genital herpes

A

vesticular lesions
dormant in sensory ganglion for host life
reactivate travels down to mucosal surface
virus shedding
leads to transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are the treatments for genital herpes

A

acyclovir-systematic therapy
valacyclovir- oral
famcyclovir-oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is acyclovir an analogue of

A

guanosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how do these analogues get into the DNA chain

A

they are phosphorylated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do these analogues prevent

A

chain elongation and lead to cell death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does acyclovir lack

A

ribose moiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how is valacyclovir different

A

esterified version

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is famcyclovir a prodrug of

A

penciclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how do helicase-primase inhibitors acts as antivirals

A

enhance binding of complex to DNA
prevents viral DNA replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is contained in the structure of this complex

A

DNA helicase
RNA pol
ssDNA stimulated ATPase actvities

17
Q

which inhibitor prevents growth of acyclovir resistant strains

A

BILS 179 BS

18
Q

how is neonatal herpes prevented

A

woman with established infection has c-section
if no symptoms then acyclovir given for 36 weeks

19
Q

what does herpes zoster cause

A

child-chicken pox
elderly-shingles
post herpetic neuralgia -abnormal signals sent to brain which cause pain

20
Q

what is evident in a patient with post-herpetic neuralgia

A

few nerve endings
acyclovir shortens virus shedding limits neurone damage

21
Q

what do the antiviral molecules cidofovir derivatives do

A

inhibit viral DNA pol
needs 2 phosphorylation=active can be done by cellular kinases
more toxic and side effects

22
Q

describe the helicase primase inhibitor ASP2151

A

better than acyclovir
effect on VZV DNA replication

23
Q

describe the role of bicyclic pyrimidine nucleoside analogues

A

VZV TK turns BCNA to diphosphate when it is then inserted into viral DNA

24
Q

how does opioid analgesics treat pain

A

bind to opioid receptors in brain
release of morphine and oxycodone
can cause drowsiness, cognitive slowing, nausea

25
Q

how do tricyclic antidepressants work in treating pain

A

serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
block the transporters
increase concentration of these in cell
enhance neurotransmission

26
Q

what is zostavax

A

vaccine
reduces shingles
single dose
boost immunity with individuals with pre existing VZV infection

27
Q

why is there not treatment for kaposi’s sarcoma

A

KSHV thymidine kinase cannot phosphorylate acyclovir

28
Q

what therapies can be used for this disease

A

highly active retroviral therapy

29
Q

what does KSHV induce

A

VEGF pathway

30
Q

name a VEGF inhibitor

A

bevacizumab

31
Q

what is c-Kit

A

expressed by KS tumour
tyrosine kinase receptor
regulates cell growth, division, migration

32
Q

give an example of a Kit inhibtor

A

imatinib

chemotherapy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions