C22 - The Ordeal of Reconstruction: 1865-1877

Question 1

Wade Davis Bill

Answer 1

passed by Congress in 1864: Stated that 50 % of a state’s residents had to swear allegiance to the US in order for it to be readmitted to the Union.

Lincoln did not sign this bill.

It was a reaction to Lincoln’s own 10% bill, making it easy for southern states to be readmitted to the union.

Question 2

Andrew Johnson

Answer 2

Became president after Lincoln was killed. Not qualified, especially during this critical time of Reconstruction. Wrong president at the wrong time.

Question 3

sharecropping

Answer 3

technically free after the war, these blacks were still very poor and still worked just as hard on farms/plantations. Lacked equality under the law due to black codes.

Question 4

“conquered provinces”

Answer 4

x

Question 5

Thaddeus Stevens

Answer 5

Radical republican leader in the House who fiercely opposed slavery.

Question 6

carpetbaggers

Answer 6

Derogatory term given by southerners to Northerners who moved south during the Reconstruction period.

Northerners may have been coming to help, but the South thought they were just being opportunistic.

Question 7

Tenure of office act

Answer 7

1867: Denied the President the right to remove someone from the executive branch from power without consent of the Senate.

This law was later repealed.

Question 8

Freedmen’s Bureau

Answer 8

Agency formed by Federal Government to help newly emancipated slaves with food, clothing, etc.

Question 9

Civil Rights Act

Answer 9

Feb. 1866, passed by Congress after President Johnson vetoed the bill to extend the life of the Freemen’s Bureau.

Jolhnson vetoed. Congress then overrode his veto with a 2/3 vote.

Question 10

10 percent plan

Answer 10

Lincoln’s plan for readmission of States who had seceded. Said that 10 percent of a state’s citizens had to swear allegiance to the Union in order to be readmitted.

Question 11

Ex parte Milligan

Answer 11

1866 Supreme Court ruling that said that military tribunals could not be used to try citizens, if civil courts were still operating.

Question 12

William Seward

Answer 12

U.S. Secretary of State who negotiated treaty to purchase Alaska. 1867.

Question 13

scalawags

Answer 13

Southern Whites who supported republicans and reconstruction after the Civil War.

Question 14

Military Reconstruction act

Answer 14

March 1867 passed by congress.

Question 15

Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 15

Principles of Civil Rights Act pushed through by Congress before more Southern Congressmen came to power who might thwart it.

Question 16

moderate/radical Republican

Answer 16

Breaks in the Republican Party over how to handle reconstruction, readmitting states to the Union, etc. More moderate republicans tended to agree with lincoln’s 10 percent idea…an easy and simple readmission process.

Radical republicans through the South should be made to suffer first before being readmitted.

Question 17

Fifteenth Amendment

Answer 17

1869. Guaranteed blacks the right to vote.

Question 18

Oliver O. Howard

Answer 18

Former Army general, he was put in charge of the Freemen’s Bureau in 1865.

Question 19

Black codes

Answer 19

Laws put in place in southern former slave states after the war. very unfair to blacks…basically resulted in many of them living like slaves again.

Question 20

Charles Sumner

Answer 20

Radical leader in the Congress from 1865-1871. Fought hard to provide equal civil and voting rights to black Freemen.

Question 21

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 21

Racist radical white-supremacist group.

Question 22

Alexander Stephens

Answer 22

Former VP of the Confederacy, he was elected as a Congressman again after the War. He showed up at the Capitol, yet was still accused of treason against the US.

Question 23

“swing around the circle”

Answer 23

August - Sept. 1866. President Johnson’s disastrous speaking tour.

Question 24

“radical” regimes

Answer 24

x

Question 25

Force acts

Answer 25

1870-1875 - 4 acts passed by Republicans in Congress to guarantee constitutional rights given to blacks in the 14th and 15th Amendments

Question 26

“Seward’s Folly”

Answer 26

Name given by detractors to Secretary of State Seward’s purchase of Alaska from Russia for $7 million.