Test 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the oldest state constitution still in force today?

A

The Massachusetts constitution.

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2
Q

What does a republican form of government rule by?

A

Rule by law and rule by representation.

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3
Q

What is a major change in a state constitution?

A

A revision.

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4
Q

What is the process by which the voters of a state remove a governor from office?

A

Recall.

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5
Q

What proposal is the most common method for proposing changes to a state constitution?

A

Legislative proposal.

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6
Q

What of a state usually administers the state’s election laws?

A

The Secretary of State.

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7
Q

In state legislature, a legislator’s vote will be permanently recorded during what?

A

A roll-call vote.

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8
Q

What does a joint committee consist of?

A

members from both houses of the state legislature.

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9
Q

What court case opened the door for federal court regulation of state apportionment?

A

Baker v. Carr

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10
Q

What is NOT a common characteristic found in both the U.S. Congress and most state legislation?

A

The lower house having more members than the upper house.

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11
Q

what does the government give an offender that gives a temporary postponement of a sentence?

A

Reprieve.

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12
Q

What veto power do most governors have?

A

The item veto.

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13
Q

What percent of all court cases handled in the United States are decided in state courts?

A

About 90%.

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14
Q

What are traffic courts, small claims courts, and juvenile courts specialized divisions of?

A

Municipal courts.

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15
Q

What is the police officer for a court called?

A

Bailiff.

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16
Q

What do state appellate courts do?

A

determine whether law was correctly interpreted and applied by a lower court.

17
Q

What holds the legislative power in a typical county government?

A

The county board.

18
Q

Who issues various kinds of licenses?

A

County clerk.

19
Q

What is the most common type of special district?

A

School districts.

20
Q

What type of tax targets people with higher incomes for the purpose of bringing about economic equality?

A

The progressive tax.

21
Q

What is usually the largest item in state and local budgets?

A

Education.

22
Q

What is the oldest and most widely used form of municipal government?

A

The Mayor-council form.

23
Q

When did America’s urban population grow?

A

During the Industrial Revolution.

24
Q

What would be an example of a city’s zoning power?

A

Extending the city limits by adding suburban areas.

25
Q

With the two types of value for property, which is usually higher?

A

Assessment value is usually lower than market value.