Blood Vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a basement membrane?

A

Thin, dense layer of extracellular matrix, sperate from the cell membrane.

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2
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A

Carries blood away from the heart at high pressures to the lungs and body.

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3
Q

How are the arteries adapted for their function?

A

-Thick muscular and elastic walls to withstand a higher pressure.
-Thin lumen to maintain pressure and control blood flow.

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4
Q

What is the function of an arteriole?

A

Carries high pressure blood from the arteries to the capillaries which are at a low pressure (reduces pressure).

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5
Q

What is the function of cappileries?

A

To diffuse oxygen into all body cells and carbon dioxide out.

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6
Q

How are the capillaries adapted for the function?

A

-Single cell thick so has a short diffusion pathway (endothelium layer).
-Is permeable so substances can be exchanged with tissues

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7
Q

How is the vein adapted for its function?

A

-Has a large lumen.
-Has valves to avoid backflow of blood.

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7
Q

What is the function of a vein?

A

Carries deoxygenated blood towards the heart.

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8
Q

What is the epithelium?

A

A type of body tissue which covers surfaces and lines body cavities and hollow organs.

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9
Q

How does the lining layer help blood vessels?

A

Is smooth to prevent friction.

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10
Q

How does the elastic layer help blood vessels?

A

Maintains blood pressure and can stretch/spring back.

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11
Q

How does the muscle layer help blood vessels?

A

Contracts to control bloodflow.

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12
Q

How does the tough outer layer help blood vessels?

A

Resists pressure inside and outside of the vessel.

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13
Q

What is the endothelium layer?

A

A single layer of cells that line a blood vessel, but the only layer in capillaries.

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14
Q

What is the function of venules?

A

Carries blood under low pressure from the capillaries into the veins.

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