Haemoglobin Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of molecule is haemoglobin?

A

A globular protein with a quaternary structure.

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2
Q

What prosthetic group is in haemoglobin?

A

haem

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3
Q

What does loading/association mean?

A

When haemoglobin binds to oxygen.

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4
Q

What does unloading/dissociating mean?

A

When haemoglobin releases the oxygen.

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5
Q

What does affinity mean?

A

-The tendency of oxygen to bind to haemoglobin.

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6
Q

What does saturation mean?
What is dexoy- and oxyhaemoglobin.

A

How much oxygen is bound to the haemoglobin, if bound it is oxyhaemoglobin if not bound it is deoxyhaemoglobin.

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7
Q

How does affinity effect how haemoglobin binds to oxygen?

A

-Ig high oxygen will easily bind but be more difficult to release.
-If low it is difficult to bond and easier to release.

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8
Q

How many molecules of oxygen can bind to 1 molecule of haemoglobin at a time and why?

A

4 molecules because there are 4 haem groups.

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9
Q

What is the process of oxygen binding to haemoglobin (cooperative binding)?

A

-When O2 binds to haemoglobin (very hard for the first one) it makes it easier for the 2nd and 3rd as it undergoes a conformational change.
-The 4th O2 has a harder time binding as the molecule is now saturated.

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10
Q

What happens to haemoglobin binding in respiring cells?

A

There is a low partial pressure so little oxygen binds and oxygen is unloaded as there is a low affinity for oxygen.

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11
Q

What happens to haemoglobin binding in the lungs?

A

At a high partial pressure lots of oxygen binds and more oxygen is loaded as there is a high affinity for oxygen.

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12
Q

Which factors can effect the curve in a haemoglobin graph and how?

A

-Location- if there is a high altertiude there is a lower partial pressure so the curve moves to the left.
-Activity-More CO2 is produced so curve moves to right.
-Size- smaller mammals have a higher metabolism so curve moves to right.

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13
Q

How does foetal haemoglobin effect the curve?

A

-moves to the left as the foetus has higher affinity to oxygen then maternal HB.
-So foetus can load O2 in an area where the mother will unload O2.

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