Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids Flashcards
Preperation of Aldehydes & Ketones
i. oxidation of alcohols (1 deg-ald; 2 deg-ket)
ii. dehydration of alcohols (cu at 373K)
iii. from hydrocarbons
- ozonolysis of alkenes
- hydration of alkynes( water+ ethene w/ dil h2so4/Hgso4 at 60 C will give acetaldehyde)
Preperation Of Aldehydes
From acyl chloride
From nitriles and esters
From hydrocarbons
- oxidation of methylbenzene
-> use of chromyl chloride
-> use of chromic oxide
- side chain chlorination + hydrolysis
- gatterman-koch
From acylc chloride
Rosenmund
Nitriles & Esters
Stephen , DIBAL-H
Oxidation of methyl benzene
Etard, using Cr03
side-chain chlorination followed by hydrolysis
Gatterman-Koch
Preperation of Ketones
i. From acyl Chloride (CdCl2 + RMgX)
ii. From nitrile
iii. From benzene or substituted benzene (Friedel Craft Acylation)