common neurological conditions lecture Flashcards

1
Q

4 most common

A

migraine
parkinsons
epilepsy
MS

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2
Q

common migraine

A

no aura

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3
Q

fx of migraine

A

aura
sx of 20m to 60m - nil else gives a set of symtoms for this duration
movement exacerbates
photophobia
phonophobia
hyperosmia
nausea - relief versus anti-emetics
allodynia - pain due to stimulus that does not normally provoke pain

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4
Q

types of aura

A

zigzag strcutre
negative scotoma
positive scotoma
loss vision one sided

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5
Q

hemiplegic migraine

A

aura - hem sensory loss or weakness - start in face
headache often mild and ipsilateral to sx
may be familial

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6
Q

tx of acute migraine attack

A

aspirin 600-900mg
anti emetic
NSAID - ibruprofne and nurofen
triptans

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7
Q

triptans

A

agonist 5

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8
Q

prophylactic

A

proranolol - non slective if cardioselective horrifc
tricyclics
valporate
verapamil
candesartan
pizotifen
GONI - greater occipital nerve injections
topomax - topiramate - 2nd line in formula - can cause anorexia and contraindicated in glaucoma - not in child bearing age women
Bonta - botoz
anti- CGRP antagonists - end pathway of migraine blockade - can get constipated

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9
Q

botox in what nerve as tx for migraine

A

greater and lesser occipital nerve

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10
Q

parkinson disease

A

substantia nigral dopaminergic neuronal loss

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11
Q

non motor sx of parkinsons

A

depressions , constipation, sleep disturbances and olfactory dysfunction

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12
Q

bradykinesia

A

lose the amplitude of the action - movement becomes slower and and smaller.

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13
Q

expyramidial rigidity

A

cogwheel rigidity

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14
Q

tx parkinsons

A

physcial activity

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15
Q

l dopa side effects

A

psychiatric sx linked to depression
N&V
prolonged use can cause wearing off effect

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16
Q

2nd most common cause parkinsons

A

vascular induced
lower limb predominant
bilateral

17
Q

epilepsy

A

at least 2 unprovoked seizures cocuring more than 24hr apart

18
Q

seizures

A

little spike in neutrophils but no sign of fever or CRP - stress response

other one is subarachnoid haemorrhage

19
Q

drug causes of seziure

A

tramadol
ciprofloxacin
neurleptics

20
Q

ix epilepsy

A

haemo
biochem
uande ca
CXR
eeg
neuroimaging
ECG

21
Q

only drug that treats epilspsy

A

tacrolimus

22
Q

all other drugs are anti-seizure meds - ASMs such as

A

lamotrigine
levetriacetem
topiraamte
perampanel

23
Q

side effect of kepra

A

mood changes such as bad tempered and then old increased OCD features

24
Q

rescue therpay

A

buccal midazzolam

25
Q

MS relapse remiting

A

younger people

primary progressive - older pts - bladder and bowel disturbance - all below the waste not normally involving optic nerve

26
Q
A