Chapter 8: Firearms, Tool Marks, Impressions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main types of handguns?

A
  • Single shot pistols
  • Revolvers
  • Semi automatic pistols
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2
Q

What’s the difference between single shot pistols, revolvers and semi automatic pistols?

A
  • Single-shot pistols fire only one round at a time
  • Revolvers feature several firing chambers within a revolving cylinder
  • Semi-automatic pistols feature a removable magazine and fire one shot per trigger pull
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3
Q

What are the 2 main type of long guns?

A
  • Shotguns
  • Rifles
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4
Q

What ammunition does a shotgun take?

A

Cylindrical shell ammunition contains numerous ball-shaped projectiles called shot

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5
Q

What’s “rifling”?

A

Impressing its inner surface with spiral grooves

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6
Q

The diameter of the gun barrel is known as the…?

A

Caliber

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7
Q

Class or individual? Lands and grooves?

A

Class

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8
Q

Class or individual? Markings/Striations

A

Individual

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9
Q

What can you narrow down about a gun using class characteristics?

A

The type of gun used

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10
Q

In broad terms, whats the process of firing a weapon?

A

Pulling the trigger releases the weapon’s firing pin, causing it to strike the primer, which in turn ignites the powder.

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11
Q

What type of microscope is used to examine bullets?

A

The comparison microscope

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12
Q

What is the diameter of a SHOTGUN barrel called?

A

The gauge

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13
Q

What does NIBIN stand for in terms of ballistics?

A

National Integrated Ballistics Information Network

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14
Q

How can you determine at what distance was the firearm discharged WITH a suspect weapon.

A

The distribution of gunpowder particles and other residues around a bullet hole permits an assessment of the distance from which a handgun or rifle was fired.

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15
Q

How can you determine at what distance was the firearm discharged WITHOUT a suspect weapon.

A

By comparing the test and evidence patterns (tear pattern around the bullet entrance, etc)

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16
Q

What is the process called to restore serial numbers?

A

Chemical Etching

17
Q

What is a tool mark?

A

A tool mark is any impression, cut, gouge, or abrasion caused by a tool coming into contact with another object.

18
Q

What must crime scene investigators NOT do when dealing with tool marks and tools?

A

Attempt to fit the suspect tool into the tool mark.

19
Q

What are other types of impressions?

A
  • Shoe
  • Tire
  • Fabric
  • Bite marks