Cell Boundraries Flashcards
What is embedded in the protein channels of some cells?
Carbohydrate molecules
What is diffusion?
The tendency of particles to move from areas of high to low concentration
What is equilibrium?
What the concentration of solutes is the same throughout the system
Does particle movement stop in equilibrium?
No
Why doesn’t diffusion depend on energy?
It comes from random particle movement
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water. Water moves to areas of high concentration
What is hypertonic?
When the solution is more concentrated that the cell, the solution is hypertonic.
When the cell is more concentrated than the solution, the cell is hypertonic
What is hypotonic?
When the solution is less concentrated than the cell, the solution is hypotonic.
When the cell is less concentrated than the solution, the cell is hypotonic
What is isotonic?
When the concentrations are in equilibrium, the cell and solution are isotonic
What is osmotic pressure?
Pressure exerted by osmosis on the hypertonic side of the membrane
What is simple diffusion?
Small, non polar molecules passing through the cell membrane.
What is facilitated diffusion?
Large or polar molecules passing through protein channels in the membrane
What do simple and facilitated diffusion have in common?
They move with the concentration gradient and don’t require energy
What is active transport?
Diffusion that goes against the concentration gradient. Requires ATP energy
What is endocytocis?
The process of taking materials into the cell by means of pockets in the cell membrane. These pockets beak loose from the outer portion of the cell membrane and form a vacuole with the cytoplasm
