Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1.2 Haematology > Full Blood Count Parameters > Flashcards

Full Blood Count Parameters Flashcards

1
Q

What does an FBC Analyser count?

A

~Total number of RBCs, WBCs, & platelets
~RBC: Plasma - haematocrit or packed cell volume
~WBC differential
~Haemoglobin levels - average Hb levels in cells - Mean Cell Haemoglobin & Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration
~Average size of RBC - Mean Cell Volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Elevated RBCs in PCV

A

Dehydration & Polycythemia(RBCs unable to bend & block capillaries - pain), haemochromatosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lowered RBC & Haemoglobin

A

Anaemia - iron deficiency, blood loss, chronic illnesses, kidney disease (decreased erythropoietin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Elevated RBC & Haemoglobin

A

Polycythemia vera, kidney disease, chronic lung disease, physiological changes due to living at high altitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Decreased RBC in PCV

A

Anaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Decreased WBC

A

Leucopenia - viral infection, bone marrow disease, exposure to chemo/radiotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Increased WBC

A

Leucocytosis - bacterial infection, inflammatory disease, bone marrow disease, leukaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Decreased platelets

A

Thrombocytopenia - medications, viral infections, bone marrow disorders, autoimmune disorder, liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Increased platelets

A

Thrombocytosis - bone marrow disease, inflammatory condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Packed Cell Volume(PCV)/Haematocrit (HCT) Formula

A

(MCVxRBC)/10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is PCV?

A

The proportion of RBCs as a % to volume of whole blood when anticoagulated blood has been centrifuged at a constant speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Haematocrit?

A

Volume of red cells found on analyser by multiplying red cell count by MCV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the components of a sample of blood that has been centrifuged with an anticoagulant?

A

Plasma(water, proteins, nutrients, hormones), buffy coat (WBCs & platelets), & haematocrit (RBCs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Reference ranges for PCV-HCT

A

~Male: 40-50% (0.40-0.50L/L)
~Female: 36-46% (0.36-0.46L/L)
~Children (2-6): 33-40% (.33-0.40L/L)
~Infants: 45-65% (0.45-0.65L/L)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What causes microcytic hypochromic anaemia?

A

Iron deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What causes megaloblastic anaemia?

A

Vitamin B12/Folate deficiency

17
Q

What causes haemolytic anaemia?

A

Destruction of RBC - microbial infection, Malaria, red cell membrane defects, enzyme defects. RBC antibodies, sickle cell anaemia

18
Q

Mean Cell Volume (MCV) formula

A

PCV/RBC

19
Q

What is MCV?

A

Average size of individual RBCs in femtolitres (10^-15L)

20
Q

What is the reference range for MCV?

A

Normocytic: 76-96fL
Macrocytic: >96fL
Microcytic:<76fL

21
Q

Mean Cell Hameoglobin (MCH) Formula

A

Hb(g/L)/RBC(L)

22
Q

What is MCH?

A

Average amount in weight (picograms = 10^-12g)haemoglobin in an individual’s RBC

23
Q

Reference ranges for MCH

A

Normochromic: 27-32pg
Hypochromic: <27pg
Hyperchromic: >32pg

24
Q

What is the relationship between MCV & MCH?

A

Haemoglobin content of RBCs are determined by the volume of cell -direct link between MCV & MCH
e.g. Hypochromic cells (low MCH) tend to be microcytic (low MCV)

25
Q

Mean Cell Harmoglobin Concentration (MCHC) Formula

A

Hb(g/dL)/PCV

26
Q

What is MCHC?

A

Average concentration of haemoglobin in an individual’s RBCs in g/dL (can be g/L if Hb is used in g/L)

27
Q

Reference range for MCHC

A

Normal: 32-36g/dL
Spherocytosis: >36g/dL
Hypochromia: <32g/dL

28
Q

What does an elevated MCV mean?

A

Megaloblastic anaemia - B12/Folate deficiency

29
Q

What does a low MCH mean?

A

Microcytic hypochromic anaemia - iron deficiency

30
Q

What does a decreased MCHC mean?

A

Microcytic hypochromic anaemia - iron deficiency

31
Q

What does an elevated MCHC mean?

A

Hereditary spherocytosis - high number of spherocytes

32
Q

What is Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)?

A

Shows variation of cell volume (degree of anisocytosis) - standard deviation in fL or ad a CV% of RBC volume

33
Q

What can RDW tell?

A

Distinguish between iron deficiency anaemia (high RDW) and Beta Thalassemia Trait (normal RDW) - abdnormal production of beta globin chain

1.2 Haematology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions