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HW-Cloud > HW_HCIA-Cloud Service V3.0 Course > Flashcards

HW_HCIA-Cloud Service V3.0 Course Flashcards

1
Q

abstraction of the internet and the infrastructure that underpins it.

A

Cloud

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2
Q

enables access to comprenhensive public services through the internet and serves as an extensive service platform with software, application and information resources provisioned for governmental bodies.

A

E-Gov cloud

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3
Q

software technology that makes it easy to build, deploy, and manage software robots that emulate humans actions interacting with digital systems and software.

A

RPA - Robotic Process automation

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4
Q

application, data, runtime environment middleware, OS, {users need to focus on the system and application layers} we as cloud providers, work with virtualization, server,storage, network

A

Iaas

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5
Q

Unlike IaaS or SaaS service models, PaaS solutions are specific to application and software development and typically include:

A

Cloud infrastructure:Data centers, storage, network equipment, and servers
Middleware software: Operating systems, frameworks, development kits (SDK), libraries, and more
User interface:A graphical user interface (GUI), a command line interface (CLI), an API interface, and in some cases, all three

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6
Q

We handle all resources

A

Saas

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7
Q

on demand self-service, elasticity, resource pooling, metered services, quick deployment, broad network access

A

Benefits of cloud computing

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8
Q

common features of cloud computing

A

massive scale, homogenity, virtualization, resilient computing, low cost software, advanced security technologies, geographical distribution, service orientation.

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9
Q

Building a fully connected world

A

HW

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10
Q

compute, network, storage

A

tech used in cloud

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11
Q

virtualization, container

A

compute

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12
Q

classic network, virtual network

A

network

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13
Q

storage services include

A

block storage (high performance, low latency), file storage(file sharing among multiple servers and enterprise depts) , object storage (flat easy to scale - architecture , data backup)

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14
Q

refers to the process of creating multiple VM’s that share the hardware resources of a physical server)

A

Virtualization

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15
Q

scalable, distributed and available resources

A

offer of virtualization

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16
Q

partitioning, isolation, encapsulation and independence

A

main features of virtualization

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17
Q

a physical server can run multiple vm’s

A

partitioning

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18
Q

isolation

A

sandbox

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19
Q

encapsulation

A

Because of this isolation, if one virtual instance crashes, it has no impact on the other virtual machines or the host system. Furthermore, data is not exchanged from one virtual instance to the next.

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20
Q

ECS

A

elastic cloud server

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21
Q

two challlenges in the development of container technology:

A

unified platform
usability

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22
Q

computing essentially refers to

A

the process of obtaining information.

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23
Q

container

A

lightweight, portable technology for application packaging. Standard unit that packages an application code and all it’s dependencies.

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24
Q

HUAWEI CLOUD services

A

elastic cloud server (ecs), auto scalling (AS) - increases or decreases number of ECS dinamically, image management service (IMS) provide OS images for ECs

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25
Q

Study further: container timelines

A
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26
Q

whats the main difference between a container and a VM

A

containers virtualize OS instead of hardware.

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27
Q

startup speed in a container

A

seconds

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28
Q

OS dependency in a container

A

all containers share the host OS

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29
Q

HUAWEI Cloud container Services

A

cloud container engine, cloud container instance, software repository for container. (study these concepts further)

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30
Q

Kubernetes

A

often abbreviated as K8s is an open-source platform designed to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It was originally developed by Google and is now maintained by the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). Kubernetes provides a framework for automating the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.

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31
Q

Network

A

they bridge devices and vm’s helping them communicate between them.

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32
Q

this device it acts as a gateway for data access and decides how to forward it

A

router

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33
Q

gateway

A

device that connects a subnet to an external network

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34
Q

what layer does the router operate on?

A

Routers operate on the third layer of the OSI Model, the Network-Control Layer. the router is an interconnection device on the network layer

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35
Q

study further: switching protocols

A
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36
Q

two common virtual switch models

A

OVS and EVS

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37
Q

whats the ovs switch model?

A

Open vSwitch is a production quality, multilayer virtual switch licensed under the open source Apache 2.0 license. The main purpose of Open vSwitch is to provide a switching stack for hardware virtualization environments, while supporting multiple protocols and standards used in computer networks.

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38
Q

whats the evs switch model?

A

EVS is a virtual switch that spans one or more compute nodes and their VMs, hence its ‘elastic’ character. Through the switch, VMs connect to one another from anywhere in the network.

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39
Q

huawei cloud network services

A
  • Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)
  • Elastic IP (EIP)
  • NAT Gateway
  • Elastic Load Balance (ELB)
  • Direct Connect
  • VPN
  • Enterprise Switch
  • Cloud Connect
  • VPC Endpoint (VPCEP)
  • VPC Peering
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40
Q

storage

A

vm’s access storage thorugh the virtuaization layer.

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41
Q

mainstream storage types

A

block storage, file storage, object storage

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42
Q

Block storage

A

is a type of storage that divides data into evenly sized blocks, typically accessed through protocols like iSCSI or Fibre Channel, and is commonly used for applications requiring high-performance, low-latency access to data, such as databases and virtual machines.

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43
Q

is a type of storage that organizes data into files and folders, accessible through network file system (NFS) or server message block (SMB) protocols, and is suitable for storing unstructured data like documents, images, and videos, often used in file servers and network-attached storage (NAS) systems.

A

file storage

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44
Q

Object storage

A

is a type of storage that stores data as objects within a flat namespace, accessed via HTTP-based APIs like Amazon S3 or OpenStack Swift, and is ideal for storing large volumes of unstructured data such as media files, backups, and archives, offering scalability, durability, and flexibility.

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45
Q

https://www.jscape.com/blog/12-file-transfer-protocols-businesses

A

study further: file transfer protocols

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46
Q

enterprise storage and distributed storage

A

study further

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47
Q

HUAWEI cloud storage services

A

elastic volume service, scalable file service, object storage service

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48
Q

REST API

A

Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface, is an architectural style for designing networked applications. It is an approach used in web services development where APIs are designed to utilize the principles of REST. It emphasizes a stateless client-server interaction where each request from the client contains all the necessary information for the server to understand and fulfill it.

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49
Q

Study further

A

protocolos de enrutamiento

50
Q

Bare Metal Server (BMS)

A

provides dedicated physical servers in single-tenant environments. It provides excellent computing performance and data security for core databases, key application systems, and high performance computing. It also offers the high scalability of a cloud-based service. NO LOSS PERFORMANCE

51
Q

Alkalid three key capabilites that deliver an amazingly simplied experience

A

dynamic negotiation and governance, global scheduling, a way top select the most appropiate computing power.

52
Q

Huawei cloud provides the following delivery modes

A

public cloud, hybrid, edge cloud

53
Q

how does the product centric approach work?

A
  • Provide products, applications, and services.
  • A large number of such enterprises.
  • Poor anti risk capabilities
54
Q

Platform centric approach

A
  • Provide industry specific platform services.
  • Market share of over 30%.
  • Fierce competition.
55
Q

Ecosystem centric

A
  • Few of these exist
  • Large-scale, cross-industry , and influential in the society, unique ways of surviving and developing competence.
56
Q

the following billing modes are available for ECS

A

pay per use, spot price, yearly billing

57
Q

AZ?

A

contains one or more physical data centers.

58
Q

IAM?

A

Identity Access Management

59
Q

Project?

A

a project is used by IAM to group and isolate resources in the same region. A project is used for physical isolation. Resources cannot be transferred between IAM projects. They can only be deleted and then provisioned again.

60
Q

Why ECS?

A

auto scaling, stability and reliability, competitive edge, security

61
Q

application scenarios for ECS

A

Website and RyD and testing, and small-scale databases

62
Q

memory optimized ecs

A

large memory size and performance

63
Q

essentially, ECS is

A

a virtual machine runnning on cloud

64
Q

IMS?

A

Image Management Service

65
Q

AS?

A

Auto scaling

66
Q

BMS

A

physical server, BMS can be configured and purchased on the cloud platform. It combines the scalability of VMs with the high performance of physical servers. Provides dedicated servers on the cloud

67
Q

why BMS?

A
  • high security: dedicated servers, vpc network and security group.
    Server security protection.
    Disk backup and restoration
    Dedicated storage
  • Agile development
  • High performance
  • Quick integration
    -Low latency storage
68
Q

Elastic Volume Service (EVS) in Huawei Cloud

A

is a block storage service provided by Huawei Cloud that allows users to create and manage elastic volumes (block storage) for their cloud instances. EVS provides features such as scalability, high availability, and data persistence.

69
Q

Study further

A

BMS architecture

70
Q

BMS network - VPC

A

is a logically isloated, configurable and manageable virtual network. It helps to improve the security of BMSs in the cloud system and simplifies network deployment. Seamless interconnection and high speed access.

71
Q

BMS network - High speed network

A

self explanatory (provides high speed for AZ)

72
Q

BMS - User defined VLAN

A

these cannot communicate with each oher

73
Q

BMS-InfiniBand Network

A

have low latency and high bandwitdth

74
Q

IMS?

A

Image Management Service (IMS) allows you to manage the entire lifecycle of your images. You can create ECSs or BMSs from public, private or shared images.

75
Q

Why IMS?

A

you can share images between accounts, regions. It is secure, centralized, convenient, flexible. Image management using APIs.

76
Q

IMS: image types - public

A

standard image provided by the cloud platform. It contains an OS and is available for everyone.

77
Q

IMS: image types - private

A

created by users and available to the one person who created it.

78
Q

IMS: image types - Marketplace image

A

a third party image published in the Marketplace. It has an OS, various applications, and custom software preinstalled.

79
Q

IAM?

A

Identity authentication management

80
Q

IMS?

A

Image management service

81
Q

Scenarios where AS can be utilized

A

e-commerce: during big promotions
Heavy-traffic portals: service load changes are difficult to predict for heavy-traffic web portals, that’s where AS comes into play.

82
Q

What is the Cloud Computing engine

A

is a highly scalable, high performance, enterprise class Kubernetes service for you to run containers and applications. With CCE, you can easily deploy, manage and scale containerized applications on Huawei Cloud.

83
Q

cluster

A

collection of cloud resources required for running containers, such as cloud serves and load balancers.

84
Q

pod

A

consists of one more related containers that share the same storage and network space.

85
Q

node

A

server (VM or PM) on which containerized pplications run.

86
Q

service

A

abstraction which defines a logical set of pods and a policy by which to access them.

87
Q

container

A

running isntance of a docker image.

88
Q

image

A

binary that includes all of the requirements for running a contaiiner.

89
Q

theres no opportunity of rollback when updating a cluster

A

true

90
Q

OLAP database

A

Study further

91
Q

RDS (RELATIONAL DATABASE SERVICE)

A

BASES DE DATOS ALOJADAS EN LA NUBE, ESTABLES, CONFIABLES Y ESCALABLES OUT OF THE BOX

92
Q

MOST COMMON RDS

A

MYSQL, POSTGRE

93
Q

4 MOST IMPORTANT RELATIONAL DATABASE FEATURES

A

ATOMICITY, CONSISTENCY ISOLATION AND DURABILITY

94
Q

DRS online migration and synchronization diagram

A

study further

95
Q

disaster recovery

A

can only be done with mysql

96
Q

from data wharehouses to data lakes

A

a datawharehouse was used to sdtorage information where you could have external information (extract, transform and load)

97
Q

repositorio centralizado que nos permite almacenar nuestros datos sin estructurar a cualquier escala

A

data lake

98
Q

sobre el obs del Huawei cloud

A
99
Q
  • Study further: Gauss DB
  • Study further: cloud search service
    -Huawei’s web application firewall
    -Anti DDoS(AAD)
    -todas las direcciones de Hawei Cloud traen proteccion anti DDoS cuando el ancho de Banda del cliente excede el tera hay que utilizar anti DDoS avanzado
  • Host security service
    -Database security service
    -CBH: your security O&M manager on cloud
A

hybrid transactional analytical processing (base de datos OLAP)

100
Q

what does AZ stand for?

A

Availability zone

101
Q

kunpeg : CPU developed by Huawei

A
102
Q

provides access control for ECs

A

Security group

103
Q

Automatically distributes incoming traffic across multiple backend servers based on configured listening rules also expands the capacities of your applications and improves their availability by eliminating single points of failure (SPOFs).

A

ELB (Elastic Load Balance)

104
Q

can establish uo to a 100 million concurrent connecitons, the deploiyment is simple and takes effect immediately.

A

ELB which can also be used with AS

105
Q

ELB consists of three components

A

load balancers, listeners and backend server groups.

106
Q

A load balancer is

A

an instance that ditributes incoming traffic across the backend servers in different availability zones.

107
Q

ELB supports the following load balancing algorithms

A

round robin (the weight has to be 0) , least connections, source IP hash, Connection

108
Q

health checks have to be sent starting from the following IP address

A

100.125.0.0/ 16 —-> 16 is the mask

109
Q

establishes secure, reliable, and cost-effective encrypted connections between your on-premises network or data center and a virtual network on Huawei Cloud.

A

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

110
Q

VPN involves three key components:

A

VPN gateway: a virtual gateway of VPN on the cloud. It establishes secure private connections with a customer gateway in your on-premises network or data center.
Customer gateway: a resource that provides information to Huawei Cloud about your customer gateway device. It can be a physical device or software application in your on-premises data center.
VPN connection: a secure channel between a VPN gateway and a customer gateway. VPN connections use the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) and IPsec protocols to encrypt the transmitted data.

111
Q

VPN tunnels support three protocols

A

PPTP, L2TP and IPsec

112
Q

uses a secure network protocol suite that authenticates and encrypts data packets to provide secure encrypted communications between different.

A

Internet protocol security (IPsec) VPN

113
Q

if we have two ECSs using the same VPC they are able to access each other directly, if we have ECSs in different VPCs but within the same region, we can use

A

VPC peering for connection (if they are in different regions, vpn has to be used)

114
Q

provides network address translation service for servers in a VPC and enables servers to share an EIP to access the internet. These can be either public or private.

A

(NAT) Gateway

115
Q

public NAT gateways provide SNAT and DNAT, what do these do?

A

SNAT(source network address translation) translates private IP’s into EIP’s allowin servers in different AZs in a VPC , (Destination source netowrk address translation) DNAT it is generally used to redirect packets destined for specific IP address or specific port on IP address, on one host simply to a different address mostly on different host.

116
Q

RPO stands for

A

Recovery Point objective

117
Q

various disk tyoes, elastics scalability, real time monitoring

A

EVS advantages

118
Q

A shared EVS disk can be attached to a maximum of

A

16 servers

119
Q

what is an EVS snapshot?

A

a complete copy or image of the disk data taken at a specific point in time. They are used for disaster recovery. Meaning you can restore the disk data to the state from ehere the snapshot was taken.

120
Q

Both EVS disk backup and EVS snapshot provide redundancy for the EVS disk data, improving reliability. can you list three differences between them?

A

data storage: in backup, the data is stored in OBS; instead of EVS disks. Data can be restored even when the EVS disk is damaged. In snapshot, the snapshots are stored with the disk data.

121
Q
A

HW-Cloud (4 decks)

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