20 – Cerebrum I Flashcards
Cerebrum:
-the largest, most prominent, part of the brain
-grey matter is found superficial, and white matter is found deep (the opposite of the SC)
Cerebrum contains:
-cerebral cortex
-subcortical structures
>hippocampus
>caudate nuclei
>basal ganglia
>olfactory bulb
What are the primary 3 vesicles during brain development?
-prosencephalon
-mesencephalon
-rhombencephalon
Prosencephalon includes:
-telencephalon=cerebrum
-diencephalon=thalamus, hypothalamus
Rhombencephalon includes:
-metencephalon (pons + cerebellum)
-myelencephalon (medulla)
Development of cerebrum:
-enlarges bilaterally
-rapid cell division in grey matter
-folds because there is so much neural tissue but it is confined within the skull cavity
Development of cerebrum and neural connections:
-ascending and descending from SC, etc
-communication between different parts of brain
>Ex. somatosensory cortex needs to communicate with motor cortex
-communication between both hemispheres
Cerebral cortex contains:
-2 hemispheres
-grey matter of the cerebrum and associated white matter
Gyrus and sulcus:
-gyrus: ‘bump’
-sulcus: ‘invagination’
Corpus callosum:
-dense network of white matter tracks across midline
Cerebral cortex division in ‘location’ groups:
*paired
-occipital cortex
-parietal cortex (dorsal)
-frontal cortex
-temporal cortex
Cerebral cortex division in ‘functional’ groups:
-motor cortex
-somatosensory cortex
-auditory cortex
-visual cortex
Motor cortex:
-descending motor neurons
-rostral to somatosensory cortex
Somatotopy:
-regions in the cortex have a topographical ‘map’ from the periphery
-adjacent body structures have adjacent cortical areas
-ascending axons maintain spatial positioning relative to one another (even as they synapse in various brain regions)
Right hemisphere controls:
-L side of body (motor and sensory)
-L visual field