Lifespan Development

Question 1

Schemata

Answer 1

are concepts (mental models) that are used to help us categorize and interpret information.

Question 2

Assimilation

Answer 2

is when they take in information that is comparable to what they already know.

Question 3

Accommodation

Answer 3

describes when they change their schemata based on new information.

Question 4

Piaget’s theory of cognitive development that unfolds in four stages:

Answer 4

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational

Question 5

sensorimotor stage

Answer 5

1st stage, which lasts from birth to about 2 years old. During this stage, children learn about the world through their senses and motor behavior.

Question 6

preoperational stage

Answer 6

2nd stage, which is from approximately 2 to 7 years old. In this stage, children can use symbols to represent words, images, and ideas, which is why children in this stage engage in pretend play

Question 7

conservation

Answer 7

which is the idea that even if you change the appearance of something, it is still equal in size as long as nothing has been removed or added.

Question 8

egocentrism

Answer 8

which means that the child is not able to take the perspective of others.

Question 9

concrete operational stage

Answer 9

3rd stage, which occurs from about 7 to 11 years old. In this stage, children can think logically about real (concrete) events; they have a firm grasp on the use of numbers and start to employ memory strategies.

Question 10

formal operational stage,

Answer 10

4th stage, which is from about age 11 to adulthood. Whereas children in the concrete operational stage are able to think logically only about concrete events, children in the formal operational stage can also deal with abstract ideas and hypothetical situations.

Question 11

A secure base

Answer 11

is a parental presence that gives the child a sense of safety as he explores his surroundings.