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GI > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Oral Cavity

A
  1. vestibule

2. oral cavity proper

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2
Q

Vestibule

A

space b/w lip, cheeks, teeth

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3
Q

Oral Cavity Proper

A

hard and soft palates, tongue, floor of mouth, and entrance to oropharynx

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4
Q

3 major paired salivary glands

A

-parotid
-submandibular
-sublingual
have ducts that open into oral cavity

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5
Q

3 types of mucosae that lines oral cavity

A
  1. masticatory mucosa: gingiva and hard palate
    SSE Keratinized (SSE parakeratinized) epithelium
  2. specialized mucosa: dorsum of tongue, has papillae SSE Keratinized Epithelium
  3. lining mucosa: everything else, lips, cheeks, mouth floor, alveolar region, soft palate SSE nonkeratinized epithelium
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6
Q

4 types of papillae on tongue

A
  1. Filiform papillae (SSE-K) no taste buds, most numerous
  2. Fungiform papillae, may be keratinized, taste buds
  3. Circumvallate papillae, taste buds
  4. Foliate papillae, taste buds
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7
Q

Filiform Papillae

A

-smallers & most numerous over entire anterior 2/3 of tongue in rows, NO taste buds

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8
Q

3 cells in taste buds

A
  1. sensory cells: elongated, predominate, synapse w afferent nerve fiber
  2. supporting cells: elongated
  3. basal cells: short, stem cells for sensory and supporting cells
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9
Q

Taste Buds

A
  • sweet, salt, sour, bitter, umami
  • one type of sensory receptor per sensory cell
  • buds have mixtures of sensory cell types
  • bitter is in back on tongue
  • all others are all over
  • 2000 per tongue
  • few are found on roof, post tongue, epiglottis, esophagus, pharynx
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10
Q

Serous Cells

A

in salivary glands

-secrete watery substance with protein, amylase, and lysozyme, have basal basophilia, many granules in apical cytoplasm

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11
Q

Mucous Cells

A

secrete mucus, which is lost during preparation so that apical region looks empty, nucleus typically flattened at base of cell

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12
Q

Organization of Salivary Glands

A
  • clusters of cells are organized into acini or alveoli
  • myoepithelial cells
  • secretions by acini cells is extruded by contraction of myoepithelial cells
  • ducts
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13
Q

Ducts in Salivary Glands

A
  • intercalated: originate from acini, secrete and absorb, simple cuboidal, small & modifies the secretion
  • striated: simple cuboidal to simple columnar cells, striations caused by basal plasma membrane, around size of acinus or larger, modifies secretion
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14
Q

Myoepithelial Cells

A

-elongated contractile cells that surround the epithelial basal lamina

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15
Q

Parotid Gland

A

-purely serous acini

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16
Q

Submandibular Gland

A

mixed, but mostly serous
in mixed glands, mucous cells exist as either purely mucous acini or mixed acini in which serous cells form a cap called serous demilune

17
Q

Sublingual

A

mixed, mostly mucous

18
Q

Saliva

A
  • mixture from all glands
  • 1200mL per day
  • bicarbonate ions buffer content in oral cavity
  • digestive enzymes
  • wash away harmful stuff, lubricates, Ca, P, protective film for teeth, medium to food to stim taste buds, abs
19
Q

Whats in Tubular Part of Alimentary Tract

A

-esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

20
Q

Tubular: Mucosa

A

lining epithelium, lamina propria (lymphatic tissue), and muscularis mucosae

21
Q

Tubular: Submucosa

A

consisting of dense irregular connective tissue

22
Q

Tubular: Muscularis Externa

A

2-3 layers of smooth muscle

23
Q

Tubular: Serosa

A

Squamous epith and CT or adventitia consisting of CT

24
Q

Principle Functions of Mucosal Layer

A
  • secretion
  • absorption
  • protection
25
Q

Principle Functions of Submucosa

A

blood & lymph vessels, nerve plexus, antigens, occasional glands

26
Q

Principle Functions of Muscularis Externa

A
  • contractions of inner layer compresses and mix contents in lumen, contraction of outer longitudinal layer propels contents by shortening tube
  • enteric nervous system (peristalsis)
  • form sphincters
27
Q

Rugae

A

large longitudinal gastric folds that disappear when the stomach is distended

28
Q

Cell division in stomach is restricted to?

A

isthmus

29
Q

Mammillated folds

A

small elevations of mucosa only

GI (19 decks)

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