Enzymes In The Digestion System Flashcards
What are enzymes
Catalyst to speed up rate of reaction
What does amylase break down?
Starch into glucose
Found in the salivary glands and pancreas
What does protease break down?
Protein into amino acids acids
Found in stomach, pancreas, small intestine
What does lipase break down?
Fat into glycerols and fatty acids
Found in the pancreatic fluid
Explain the lock and key theory.
Substrate binds to active site
Shape of substrate is complimentary
Chemical reaction occurs
Smaller products are formed
How does temperature affect enzymes.
High temp increases rate of reaction
High temp breaks bonds so enzyme changes shape
Enzyme denatures
How does the ph affect enzymes.
Different enzymes work at different ph
If ph too far from optimum, Bonds weaken
Changes shape
Enzyme denatures
How does concentration affect enzymes.
High concentration increases rate of reaction
More collisions
Too high has no effect as enzyme working at max rate
How does bile help speed up digestion of lipids.
Emulsifies fat which increases the surface area to increase rate of lipid breakdown
Bile neutralises to create optimum ph conditions
Describe how protein is digested
Protease breaks protein into amino acids
Made in stomach, small intestine, pancreas
Protein broken down in stomach and small intestine
Protease works best in stomach at acidic conditions
Suggest why a person with coeliac disease might have poor growth.
Damaged micro villi means surface area decreases
So less glucose and amino acids are absorbed
Therefore less energy released for aerobic respiration
Less amino acids for growth as there is less proteins
