Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PANCE 2024 > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

At 4 months 6 months
9 months
12 months what are the milestones for gross motor

A

4 mo = roll over
6 mo = sit independently
9 mo = pull up to crawl
12 mo = walk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Language development 6 month 12 month 24 month milestones

At 4 years?

A

6 mo = babbles

12 month = mom and dad with intent

24 month = combining words 50% comprehensible language

At 4 years old should be able to understand 100% of speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Social and fine motor mile stone at 6 months

9 months 12months 18 months

A

6 months = Reaches and feeds their self

*pincer grasp= 9 months

12 months = imitate behaviors

18 months = scribble and feeds w/ spoon [potty training]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In the first week of life NB lose what weight and regained when

A

Lose 10%

regain birth weight in 10 days

Triple birth weight by 12 months *

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

FTT is generally what?

A

Drops to 3-5% on the growth curve

Cross 2 lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MC cause of FTT

A

Not enough calories

Not eating enough; poverty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cystic fibrosis usually presents how in the early presentation

A

50% FTT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Delayed bone age and puberty is defined as

A

Constitutional growth delay = family hx is similar for meeting mile stones late

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MC virus for viral URI ; common cold

A

Rhinovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hoarseness is a clue to what

A

A viral process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cough and cold medications are generally recommended for children of what age

A

Older than 2

But cautious in ages 2-11 yrs old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MC age for otitis media
MC bacteria

A

6-24 months

MC : strep pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Formula fed infants are at risk for OM why?

A

The feeding position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Children over 2 years of age give AMOX when

A

Fevers of 102 or higher and severe sxs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chronic OM is defined as what

A

Recurrent 3x in 6 mos or // 4x in a year ; or persistent infection or drainage over 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MC pathogens for OE

A

Staph A

Pseudomonas Aeriginosa

Pain with pinna pull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CROUP [4]

A

Inflammation of the larynx trachea and bronchi

6 months —> 3 years of age in fall and winter

Barking inspiratory stridor

TXM : dexamethasone —> racemic epi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ambylopia is lazy eye without what?

A

CNS pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ambylopia treatment and mc cause

A

Patch

MC : strabismus resulting in decreased visual acuity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Unilateral purulent rhinitis think what for kids?

A

FOB!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

PNA in neonates MC cause

A

GBS ; everyone else strep pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

CXR PNA findings

A

Lobar consolidation ; patchy infiltrates

May see effusions

Atelectasis vs infiltrate - often hard to tell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Conjunctivitis in the first week of life
Staccato rapid short distinct cough
2 weeks - 6 mo of age
A febrile

A

Chlamydia PNA

TXM = Macrolide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Gradual onset dry cough —> production
Fever
Bullous myringitis

? And what treatment

A

Mycoplasma PNA

TXM = Macrolide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Whooping cough [4]

A

Non vaccinated kids

3 stages : Coryza , paroxysmal cough , dry cough convalescent [recovery]

DX GOLD STANDARS = NP culture ; PCR

TXM = Macrolide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

CXR shows hypo expansion and B/L atelectasis ground glass air bronchograms

A

ARDS

TXM = O2 CPAP Intubation Surfactant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Cystic Fibrosis is what genetic anomaly and 3 keys

A

Autosomal ressive disorder

Dx: Sweat chloride is the gold standard ; if greater 60 = abnormal

Thick sticky meconium pancreatic insuff.

TXM = ABX pancreatic enzymes ; bronchodilators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Heimlich should be performed in who

A

Upper airway FB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Rigid bronchoscopy should be performed in FOB where

A

Lower airway

30
Q

Rheumatic fever triggered by

A

GBS

31
Q

RF affects who following what

A

5-15 yrs old —> untreated strep infection

32
Q

RF mc affects what valve

A

Mitral valve

33
Q

How are joints affected in RF

A

Poly Arthralgia not arthritis !

34
Q

Stills murmur [3]

A

MC childhood
Turbulent flow out of LV
Apex of the heart in supine position

35
Q

Venous Hum [3]

A

Age after 3 years
Increased in fever anemia or pregnancy
Musical ; turbulent subclavian and jugular veins

36
Q

Acyanotic lesions

A

ASD
VSD
PDA
Coarctation of the Aorta

37
Q

ASD [3]

A

Large of untreated = sxs
Respiratory sxs feeding dysfunction
Wide split s2

38
Q

VSD [4]

A

MC congenital heart disease

4-6 weeks of life presents with CHF

Large harsh holosystolic murmur

Left to Right Shunt

39
Q

PDA [4]

A

Pulmonary artery to aorta are left open

Machinery grinding murmur with bounding peripheral pulses

RF : prematurity ; maternal RUBELLA

TXM = Indomethacin in preemies ; cardiac catheter if older

40
Q

Coarctation of the aorta

A

Absence of femoral pulses

Blowing systolic murmur that goes towards the back

Notching of the ribs

HTN in older children

41
Q

2 cyanotic lesions

A

TOGV

And

Tetralogy

42
Q

TOGV [4]

A

Pulmonary artery connected to the left ventricle

Aorta connected with the right ventricle

CYANOSIS + poor weight gain

43
Q

Tetrology [4]

A

VSD ; PS ; overriding aorta ; RVH

Best heard at 3rd ICS ; BOOT SHAPE heart

Tet spells

Surgical treatments PGE-1

44
Q

Age classic for pyloric stenosis what kind of vomit

A

2-4 weeks

Non bilious projectile vomiting

45
Q

Treatment intussusception

A

Reduction with barium enema [w/ 24 hours of sxs]

+/- surgery

46
Q

PKU often have what features

A

Cognitive delay

Decrease melanin compared to family

47
Q

When to remove :

Lower esoph FOB

Upper esoph FOB

Stomach FOB

Caustic FOB

A

Lower = remove in less 24 hours

Upper = Foley catheter to reduce aspiration risk

Stomach = less 3-5 cm will pass on its own

Caustic = endoscopy ; toxic = lavage

48
Q

Most specific findings of pyloric stenosis

A

Epigastric mass

49
Q

SALTER Harris classification

A

S = straight thru phyces

A = thru phyces exits above towards long bone ; MC

L = thru phyces lowered to joint

T = thru above phyces and long bone

R = rammed; reduced growth plate

50
Q

Epiphyseal plate is equal to what =

Metaphyseal plate =

A

The phyces

Above the phyces

51
Q

SCFE [4]

A

MC RF : obesity teenage males

14 - 16 years old

Acute or chronic +/- knee pain

Limited internal rotation ; ice cream cone femoral neck fx

52
Q

Pain in is good schlatters =

A

Worse w activity

Better w rest

53
Q

Nursemaids =

A

Subluxation of the radial head ;

By: longitudinal pronational forces

Child: arm in pronated flexed position

54
Q

Measles =

A

Rubeola

55
Q

Measles =

A

Morbillovirus : paramyxo virus family

56
Q

Measles rash spreads

A

Down and out

57
Q

When does orchit is occur

A

1 week after mumps

58
Q

Rubella

A

Togavirus

Deafness cataracts cardiac defects blueberry rash

Head to tea rash

59
Q

Incubation period for varicella

A

10-12 days

60
Q

Scabbing varicella is ->

A

No longer contagious

61
Q

varicella vaccine schedule

A

12-15 months

And

4-6 years old

same as MMR

62
Q

Roseaola is

A

HHV 6

63
Q

Roseola

A

High fever —> rash

64
Q

Fifth disease is

A

Parvovirus

Red facial rash lacy pink macular rash

Cheek —> extremities

Several wks to rash

65
Q

HFM

A

Coxsackie virus

Painful grey red vesicles

66
Q

lesions in the posterior mouth that are grey red and no where else think

A

Herpangina

67
Q

Lesions in the anterior mouth ; lips tongue buccal mucosa

A

Gingival stomatitis

68
Q

TXM Kawasaki’s

A

IVIG
ASA

Fever more than 5 days long

69
Q

Compli of Kawasaki’s

A

Coronary artery aneurysms

70
Q

Erythrovirus think

A

Parvo b19 slapped cheek

PANCE 2024 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions