Topic 3: Reproduction And Inheritance

Question 1

What is fertilisation?

Answer 1

• The fusion of male gametes to form diploid (46 chromosomes) zygotes
• It then undergoes mitosis to develop into an embryo

Question 2

What are the outer parts of a flower

Answer 2

• Sepals
• Petals

Question 3

What is the male reproduction called and what do they consist of?

Answer 3

Stamens:
- Anthers
- Filaments

Question 4

What is the female reproduction of a flower called and what do they consist of?

Answer 4

Pistils:
- Stigma
- Style
- Pollen tube
- Ovary

Question 5

What are some insect pollinated flowers adaptations?

Answer 5

• Large petals & brightly coloured
• Nectar scents attracts insects
• Moderate amount of pollen grains
• Pollens grains are sticky and spiky
• Pollens from anthers are firmly attached to which is easy to brush against insects
• Stigma is sticky so it can catch pollen grains

Question 6

What are some adaptations wind pollinated flowers have?

Answer 6

• They have a large amount of pollen grains as population can be increased quickly

Question 7

What are the conditions needed for seed germination

Answer 7

• Water
• Oxygen
• Warmth

Question 8

How can you investigate for germination

Answer 8

• Have four test tubes
• One with all conditions present
• The rest with different conditions

Question 9

Explain the process of pollination and seed & fruit formation

Answer 9

• Pollen grains are transferred from the Anther to the Stigma
• When the stigma has pollen grains, the pollen tube grows down the style until it reaches the ovary
• The nucleus of the pollen grains then goes down to the Ovule for fertilisation
• The ovule will form a seed and develop into a fruit

Question 10

What are the two methods for plant’s asexual reproduction

Answer 10

• Runner (natural)
• Cutting (artificial)

Question 11

Describe the structure of the male reproductive system

Answer 11

• Bladder
• Sex Gland
• Sperm duct
• Urethra
• Testis
• Penis

Question 12

Describe the structure of a female reproductive system

Answer 12

• Bladder
• Oviduct
• Ovary
• Uterus
• Cervix
• Urethra
• Vagina

Question 13

Where is oestrogen produced and what do they do?

Answer 13

• They are produced in the ovaries
• They stop secretion of FSH and stimulates the Pituitary Gland to secrete LH

Question 14

Where is progesterone produced and what does it do?

Answer 14

• It is produced in the ovaries
• It maintains the uterus lining for pregnancy by thickening blood vessels

Question 15

Where is FSH produced and what does it do?

Answer 15

• It is produced in the pituitary gland
• It causes egg cell to be mature and develop.
• Stops ovaries from secreting oestrogen

Question 16

Where is LH produced and what does it do?

Answer 16

• It is produced in the pituitary gland
• It stimulates ovulation and stimulates ovaries to release progesterone

Question 17

What is a placenta ?

Answer 17

• It is the connection between inner Uterine wall and Foetal membrane via Umbilical Cord that facilitates the exchange of materials between Mother and developing Fetus

Question 18

What is an amniotic fluid and what role does it play?

Answer 18

• It is a fluid that protects the baby from shocks or hits
• It ensures the baby doesn’t have to support its own weight
• It is the fluid when there is a “water break”

Question 19

What sex hormones do female have and what are the effects to their body?

Answer 19

• Oestrogen
  Effects:
• Growth of body hair
• Development of breast
• Menstrual cycle begin