Circulatory System, Blood Vessels, Lymph

Question 1

Give the pathway a red blood cell takes when travelling in the human circulatory system from a kidney to the lungs.
Do not include descriptions of pressure changes in the heart or the roles of heart valves in your answer

Answer 1

1 renal vein
2 vena cava to right atrium
3 right ventricle to the pulmonary artery

Question 2

Tissue fluid is formed from blood at the arteriole end of a capillary bed.
Explain how water from tissue fluid is returned to the circulatory system.

Answer 2

1 plasma proteins remain
2 creates water potential gradient
3 water moves to blood by osmosis
4 returns to blood by lymphatic system

Question 3

Explain how an arteriole can reduce the blood flow into capillaries

Answer 3

1 muscle contracts
2 narrows arteriole

Question 4

What is the function of the coronary arteries?

Answer 4

1 carry oxygen
2 to heart muscle

Question 5

Explain the role of the heart in the formation of tissue fluid.

Answer 5

1contraction of ventricles produces high blood pressure
2 this forces water and some dissolved substances out of blood capillaries

Question 6

The human heart has 4 chambers. In which of the 4 chambers of the human heart does pressure reach the highest value

Explain how the structure of this chamber causes this high pressure

Answer 6

Left ventricle

Thick walls

Question 7

The maximum pressure in the ventricle is much higher than that in the atrium
Explain what causes this

Answer 7

1 ventricle has thick walls
2 so contractions are stronger