Principles of Flight Flashcards

1
Q

Why are advanced propeller blades designed broader and swept back at the blade tips

A

To reduce the adverse effects of high speed tips

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2
Q

How can the solidity of a propeller be increased

A

By increasing the number of propeller blades to help with power absorption

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3
Q

What is the effect known as where the thrust produced by the down going propeller blade when the aircraft is at a higher angle of attack

A

Asymmetric blade effect

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4
Q

If air mass is M, intake air low velocity is Vi and exhaust velocity is Ve, what does Mx (Ve - Vi) x TAS express

A

Gas turbine jet propulsive power

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5
Q

What does M x (Ve - Vi) express

A

Gas turbine jet thrust

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6
Q

Why is the propeller tip speed a critical factor in turbo prop efficiency

A

Because of the rotational drag at the tip due to compressibility at high tip speeds.

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7
Q

How can the adverse effects of the loss of an outboard critical engine be minimised on multi engine turbo prop aircraft

A

The use of counter rotating propellers

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8
Q

How does a turbo fan engine generate high levels of thrust at lower speeds, significantly increasing overall mass flow and thrust

A

Additional turbine stages absorb more of core gas flow to drive a bypass fan stage

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9
Q

What is the ratio of power output over the power generated by the chemical energy of fuel consumed defined as?

A

Gas turbine efficiency

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10
Q

What is meant by the term critical engine in propeller powered aircraft

A

When it fails, the remaining engine produces the most use due to increased asymmetric thrust moment

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11
Q

What is the immediate and secondary effects of asymmetric thrust

A

Yaw then roll towards the dead engine

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12
Q

With wings level, which way will the slip indicator move following an engine failure

A

Towards the live engine

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13
Q

What is the preferred method of asymmetric control in flight

A

Level the wings and then opposing yaw with rudder

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14
Q

What is the preferred method of asymmetric control following an engine failure before V1

A

Reduce power

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15
Q

What conditions are used to calculate an aircraft’s VMCA

A

Landing gear up
Flap 1
Critical engine feather (prop only)
Live engine at TOGA
Full rudder
5 degree bank toward live engine
Rearmost C of G

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16
Q

What is the VMCA of the phenom

A

97 kts

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17
Q

What will happen if no corrective action is taken following an asymmetric engine failure

A

The aircraft will enter a spiral descent towards the dead engine

18
Q

Once control has been established was is dead leg dead engine used to identify

A

Which engine has failed

19
Q

What will a low thickness/chord ratio and low aspect wing ratio delay the onset of

A

Compressibility effects

20
Q

What happens when the airflow over the aircraft surfaces reaches the speed of sound

A

Shockwave start to form 

21
Q

What are the features of a super critical wing profile?

A

Blunt nose
Flat upper surface
Thick trailing edge
Higher thickness to chord ratio
S shaped camber

22
Q

In aircraft design what insures a smooth change in cross-sectional area from nose to tail?

A

Area ruling

23
Q

Below, what speed does air behave like an incompressible fluid

A

250 to 300 knots

24
Q

What is the only variable in calculating the local speed of sound?

A

Temperature

25
Q

What is the name given to the ratio of TAS to the local speed of sound?

A

The Mach number

26
Q

What is Mcrit

A

The speed at which shockwaves first form on an aircraft

27
Q

What is Mfs

A

The mach number of the airflow past an aircraft that is unaffected by its passage

28
Q

What does Mdet indicate

A

The end of transonic flight and the beginning of supersonic flight

29
Q

What effect does the formation of shockwaves have on drag?

A

The coefficient of drag increases

30
Q

What causes aerodynamic heating at high Mach numbers?

A

Compression of airflow

31
Q

Why did early sweptwing aircraft tend to pitch up at low speeds, leading to a deep stall or sabre dance?

A

Swept wings tend to stall at the tip, first, moving the lift centre of pressure forwards

32
Q

How does CLMAX Swepson Street wing compare in relation to AOA

A

A swept wing has a Lower CLmax at a higher AoA

33
Q

What is the term for the point in the flight envelope at which the aerodynamics stall speed is the same as shock stall speed

A

Coffin corner

34
Q

What are the three functions of spoilers

A

Speed break
Lift dumping
Roll control

35
Q

What is a leading edge flap called

A

Krueger flap

36
Q

Other than a flap what other leading edge lift augmentation devices are there

A

Slotted flap
Droop

37
Q

What kind of training edge flap increases CL, by increasing wind, camber and cord length

A

Fowler flap

38
Q

What is lateral stability

A

The tendency for wing to return level when disturbed in the role axis

39
Q

What is spiral stability

A

The tendency for the wing to return level, when the control forces are released in a balance turn

40
Q

What do slats increase during climb?

A

Higher AoA

41
Q

What would happen if slats were attracted before flaps to high angle of attack

A

Stall