12: red scare, conformity, civil rights Flashcards
Taft Hartley Act
Decreased union power (seen as somewhat communist) by outlawing the closed shop; passed over Truman’s veto “slave labor bill”
Dixiecrats
Split in the Democratic Party after Truman’s first term - Dixiecrats were Southern-based and opposed racial integration and federal expansion of powers
Fair Deal
Truman’s plan for welfare institutions such as universal healthcare and minimum wage, as well as civil rights legislation
Only changes that the Republican- dominated Congress passed were raising the minimum wage and expanding Social Security
New Federalism
Nixon’s plan to distribute federal money to states for them to resolve internal issues and decrease the federal government’s power
WIN (Whip Inflation Now)
Ford’s plan for economic recovery by urging individuals and corporations to voluntarily make responsible economic decisions and not raise wages / prices, wearing “WIN” buttons
Suez Crisis
Egypt invaded the British-controlled Suez Canal in an attempt to nationalize it, and Britain, France, and Israel attempted to regain control of it (without US knowledge). The US was furious that they hadn’t been consulted about retaliation against Egypt and ordered Britain, France, and Israel to leave the Suez or the US would embargo them
Yom Kippur War
Syrian and Egypt launched a surprise attack on Israel on the Jewish religious day Yom Kippur to try and reclaim the territory they (Syria and Egypt) had lost in the Six-Day War; US supported Israel, leading the OPEC to embargo the US
Camp David Accords
Carter helped negotiate peace agreements between Egypt and Israel following the Yom Kippur War and Suez Crisis
Iran Hostage Crisis
The US overthrew the Iranian government to replace the leader with a more favorable one (to US interests), but Iranian fundamentalists took control and held several US Embassy members hostage
Carter’s human rights policy
Carter championed civil rights at home and refused to trade with / provide aid to countries violating human rights, such as Argentina and Chile
968 Election
Robert F. Kennedy was assassinated upon entering the campaign, the Democratic convention saw anti-Vietnam riots and was divided between different candidates, and Nixon ended up winning the election (campaigned for “law and order”)
Kent State massacre
National Guardsmen opened fire on Kent State students protesting the Vietnam War, killing several students
Pentagon Papers
Leaked government papers that documented the failures of the Vietnam War and that the government had been sending US troops to Vietnam for longer than they had told the American people they had
1964 Civil Rights Act
Prohibited segregation in all facilities, as well as discrimination based on sex and religion
Race riots
Riots in the 60s-70s in large cities like Detroit and Atlanta, primarily due to police brutality toward Black Americans
