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SOC 224 > Chapter 6: At Risk Youth > Flashcards

Chapter 6: At Risk Youth Flashcards

1
Q

Youth “At Risk”

A

At risk of negative outcomes by engaging in certain behaviors that threaten their well-being

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2
Q

Youth “As a Risk”

A

Engaging in behaviors that threaten the well-being of other people or society as a whole

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3
Q

Youth

A

Children aged 12-17
Someone who has not achieved full economic and social independence

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4
Q

Top 3 Substances Used by Youth

A

Alcohol
E-Cigarettes
Cannabis

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5
Q

Tobacco and Vaping Products Act

A

No sell of tobacco to those under 18
Cigarette commercials are prohibited on TV and advertising is restricted
WHO recommends R rating on movies with smoking

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6
Q

Cloud Chasers

A

Vaping is new and exciting
Functions as a hobby
Learning tricks

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7
Q

Substitutes

A

Smokers or former smokers who started vaping to reduce the stigmatization they faced as smokers and perceived improvements in health

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8
Q

Drug

A

Any substance that has psychoactive properties, affecting mood or cognition

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9
Q

Cannabis Legalization Effects

A

2% increase in adult usage
No change in 18-24 years old
10% decrease among 12-17 year olds

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10
Q

Why Do Young People Use Drugs?

A

4 factors
Individual
Family
School
Community

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11
Q

Individual Factors

A

Ex. genetic and environmental disposition, degree of personal competence, trauma, mental health challenges, gang involvement

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12
Q

Family Factors

A

Ex. parenting style, degree of parent-child relationship, abuse or neglect, family history with substance use

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13
Q

School Factors

A

Academic success, reading skills, problem-solving abilities, participation in extracurriculars, feelings of belonging

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14
Q

Community Factors

A

Norms about substance use, prevalence of crime, economic condition, nature of peers

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15
Q

Binge Drinking

A

Five drinks in one sitting for males, four drinks in one sitting for females

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16
Q

Prevention Paradox

A

Efforts to help problem drinkers have not reduced the extent of harm caused by alcohol consumption because most of the harm comes from a larger number of students who binge drink occasionally rather than the small number that actually have an alcohol problem

17
Q

Population Prevention

A

Targeting the university as a whole to discourage binge drinking
Providing resources and support to students who need help

18
Q

Causes of Youth Crime Declining

A

Changes in policing practices, aging populations, legislative changes, evolving attitudes, trends in patterns of substance abuse

19
Q

Crime Severity Index (CSI)

A

Reflects both the volume and severity of crime
Crimes are rated on a scale based on severity

20
Q

Most Common Crimes Committed by Youth

A

Level 1 Assault
Theft under $5000
Mischief
These are usually summary offences

21
Q

Moral Panic

A

Gap between perceptions and patterns of youth crime, can be caused by the media

22
Q

Elements of Moral Panic

A

Heightened concern
Hostility toward the offending group
Consensus that the threat is real
Disproportionality
Volatility

23
Q

Empirical Research

A

Analyzes a variety of factors to determine the extent to which they contribute to youth crime
Causation and motivation

24
Q

Ethnographic Research

A

Aspects of social construction of the “gang problem”, how and why moral panic about gangs emerge, the problems with the definition of gang

25
Q

Gang

A

Several people organized in a leadership structure with a group identity within a geographical space

26
Q

Comprehensive Gang Model

A

Key strategies for prevention, intervention, and suppression
Social interventions (tutoring, advocacy)
Develop programs to provide opportunities
Suppress gang activity by holding members accountable to the law

27
Q

Youth Justice System

A

Juvenile Delinquents Act –> Young Offenders Act –> Youth Criminal Justice Act

28
Q

How Are All Youth Perceived as Deviant

A

Generational gap

29
Q

Sturm und Drang

A

Storm and stress
Individual development mirrors the evolution of the human species

SOC 224 (11 decks)

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