Themes of ideologies Flashcards
Nation
A community of people that identify as such, generally with land & government that they are as unequally to “theirs”
ex- quebec, scotland, korea, serbia, russia, france etc
Class
divisions within a society denoting social status and often economic and political power as well
ex- the middle class, working class, “1%” etc
Race
a category imposed (sometimes accepted) upon a group of humans distinguishing according to biological factors such as skin, but also other factors such as territory, history, language
Environment and relationship to land
when someone lives, the conditions/beauty/resources to be found there, our conception/relation to that environment
Gender
what is our conception of gender, roles, nature, limitations, etc according to this conception
ex- feminism
Religion
the worship of one or more deities with an attached set of principles/values that impact normative views of society
ex- communism, offically/in theroy
, rejects religion
Individualism
-individual rights and freedoms
-self interest
-competition
-economic freedom
-rule of law
-private property
Collectivism
-collective responsibility
-collective interest
-cooperation
-economic equality
-adherence to collective norms
-public property
Events that lead to Liberalism
-renaissance
-growth of trade
-growth of middle class
-urbanization
-english civil war and glorious revolution
-enlightenment
-american and french revolutions
Anarchism
proponents: Emma Goldstein, Mikhail Bakhunin (& many others)
Government is necessarily an oppressive force on behalf of a minority against the majority
(Even in the case of Communism’s proposed “dictatorship of the proletariat”)
Without set governments, communities could collaborate to govern themselves
Natural collectives would form, and regulate themselves through a more inclusive process
People are good, capable, and community-minded enough to work out problems that might arise
(Most Anarchists) - more collectivist communities can naturally arise
Examples include: Anarcho-syndicalism, anarcho-primitivism, anarcho-feminism,…
Feminism (1st wave)
Olympe de Gouges
·early advocates of women’s rights in Britain
–Mary Wollstonecraft
·Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792)
–John Stuart Mill and his
wife Harriet Taylor
Suffragettes
The Subjection of Women (1869)
–Emmeline Pankhurst
· British activist for the enfranchisement of women (votes for women movement)
· leader of violent, radical “suffragette” faction
Suffragists
Women’s Social and Political Union
–Millicent Fawcett
§ British activist for woman suffrage movement
§ leader of the more moderate “suffragists”
· early American feminists
–Elizabeth Cady Stanton
–Susan B. Anthony
· early Canadian feminists
–Nellie McClung
–Emily Murphy
–Agnes McPhail
Views of Darwinists
Racial or National Darwinism
some nations and/or races viewed as “unfit”
belief in existence of superior and inferior nations
–support for
ultranationalism and
imperialism
belief in the existence of superior and inferior races
–racism
–racial supremacy
–eugenics movement
(call for sterilization of the
unfit and for selective
breeding of people with
the best “blood”)
Views on Darwinist’s
Economic or Social
application of Charles Darwin’s “survival of the fittest” theory onto human society
The application of Darwinism to the study of human society, specifically a theory in sociology that individuals or groups achieve advantage over others as the result of genetic or biological superiority.
poor people viewed as “unfit”
rejection of charity and social assistance for the poor
term sometimes applied, retroactively, to Thomas Malthus and the beliefs expressed in his Essay on Population (1790)
–Malthusian economics
–Malthusianism
