Behavior Therapy (Week 7) Flashcards
What are some key figures in Behavior Therapy (and what are they most known for)?
B.F. Skinner (operant conditioning)
Ivan Pavlov (classical/respondent conditioning)
Albert Bandura (social observational learning)
Joseph Wolpe (behavioral therapist)
What is the concept of learned behavior in Behavioral Therapy?
Maladaptive/undesirable behavior has been (and continues to be) reinforced and maintained by conditions within the environment.
Desirable/adaptive behavior is not sufficiently introduced, reinforced, and maintained by conditions within the environment.
What are the elements of behavioral or functional analysis?
- Clear description: What is the behavior of concern?
- Count: frequency, intensity, and duration
- Context: Where, when, with whom?
What are the ABCs of Behavioral Therapy?
Antecedents lead to
Behavior, which leads to
Consequences
What is classical conditioning?
Pavlov’s dog experiments
Associated item/conditoned stimulus (bell) ultimately elicits same automatic/conditioned response (drooling) as unconditioned stimulus (food)
What are the four means of operant conditioning?
- Positive reinforcement: Rewards desired behavior by adding something desirable
- Negative reinforcement: Rewards desired behavior by removing something undesirable
- Negative punishment: Reduces undesirable behavior by removing something desireable.
- Positive punishment: Reduces undesirable behavior by adding something undesirable
What are the keys to operant conditioning?
Immediacy and consistency
How does social/observational learning occur?
Through observation and imitation of others.
What are the goals of Behavioral Therapy?
Decrease or extinguish undesirable/maladaptive/negative behaviors and introduce and reinforce more desirable/adaptive/positive behaviors through the use of learning and conditioning.
What characterizes the therapeutic relationship in Behavioral Therapy?
Therapist is:
active,
directive, and
frequently assumes the role of an educator.
Therapist and therapeutic relationship can be thought of as a medium of reinforcement and a model of adaptive behaviors.
What is exposure and response prevention?
A Behavioral Therapy intervention in which the therapeutic strategy is to reverse the reinforcement contingencies or the neurotic paradox: intentional, extended contact with the feared stimuli (prolonged exposure) and the active blocking of the associated avoidance (response prevention). In the short term, patients will certainly experience increased anxiety, but through the process of extinction, they will with equal certainty experience reduced anxiety and avoidance in the long term.
What is systematic desensitization?
A Behavioral Therapy intervention is similar to exposure and response prevention, but with this intervention, the client and therapist work collaboratively to plan a systematic way to work up to the feared event (introduction to stimuli). Client rates experiences using a SUD(Systematic Units of Distress) scale.
What is biofeedback and neurofeedback?
A Behavioral Therapy intervention using biological information, such as heart rate, to help individuals recognize when to take breaks to regulate before continuing to express themselves. E.g., Mightier, Gottman couples’ therapy techniques.
What is behavioral activation?
A Behavioral Therapy intervention often used with depression in which therapists suggest activities and have clients rates the levels of pleasure and ease they experienced while doing each activity.
What is contingency management?
A Behavioral Therapy intervention in which desired behaviors are spelled out, along with how many times client must display that behavior before receiving a reward. This approach helps make the process clear for the client and caregiver(s).
