Grant

Question 1

key theme + area

Answer 1

key theme = memory
area = cognitive

Question 2

background

Answer 2

• Godden and Baddeley showed context affects memory retrieval in recall but not in recognition tests

Question 3

aim

Answer 3

To test the effect of noise as a source of context
dependant memory on the studying and retrieval of meaningful material in an academic context.

Question 4

method

Answer 4

• lab experiment
• independent measures design used (each ppt experienced 1 out of the 4 conditions)
  IV = Background noise noisy/silent conditions - matching or mismatching the conditions
  DV = -measured in 2 way;
  > Recall (short answer test of 10 questions)
  > Retrieval (multiple choice test of 16 questions)

Question 5

conditions

Answer 5

• Silent/silent
• Noisy/noisy
• Silent/noisy
• Noisy/silent

Question 6

material used

Answer 6

• Cassette tape and headphones-
• Cafeteria noise recording
• Psychoimmunology text
• Recognition test
• Recall test

Question 7

sample

Answer 7

• 39 ppts (17-56 yrs; 17 females and 23 males)
• Opportunity sample
  (Results from 1 ppt were excluded as their results was too low.)

Question 8

procedure

Answer 8

• Instructions given
• Headphones on and asked to read the article could underline highlight important parts.
• Timing of reading was recorded
• Given 2 minutes rest where they could take off their headphones
• Place headphones back on to complete the Recall (short answers) and recognition (MCQ’s) test
• Debrief

Question 9

results

Answer 9

• Both performance on short-answer and multiple-choice tests sig. better in matching conditions than in non-matching ones.
• Recall is better when studying and testing in the same
  environments in terms of the noisiness of
  surroundings.
• No sig. diff between noisy/silent study groups or
  retrieval conditions.

Question 10

conclusions

Answer 10

1. Noise does not affect students capacity to
   study- we still see retrieval in the noisy conditions
2. Context-dependence affects retrieval-