racial policies up until 1939

Question 1

what percentage of the population was Jewish in Germany?

Answer 1

around 1% of the population was Jewish, 500,000 people.

Question 2

what happened on the 1st of April 1933?

Answer 2

Jewish shop boycott
it was published in Newspapers to boycott all Jewish shops for one day. Members of the SA were positioned outside of the sops to deter people from entering.
this only had mixed success since it was unpopular, caused bad publicity abroad and a majority of people ignored the order.

Question 3

what happened on the 7th of April 1933?

Answer 3

the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service
Jews were excluded from the civil service sector.

Question 4

what happened on the 5th of September 1935?

Answer 4

the Nuremberg race Laws
i) Reich citizenship law
ii) Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour
i meant that all Jews were rendered stateless and lost their citizenship to Germany.
ii prevented any kind of romantic relationship (marital and extramarital) between a Jew and a German. Any marriages prior to the law would have been voided.

Question 5

what happened on the 4th of October 1933?

Answer 5

Law for the exclusion of Jewish Journalists
Jewish people could no longer work as journalists and Jewish owned publication houses were shut down.

Question 6

why did the Nazis not make any new racial policies between 1935-38?

Answer 6

because of the 1936 Berlin Olympics. the whole world’s eyes were on them and the Nazis were aware that their policies would be unpopular with the rest of the world.

Question 7

what happened on the 5th of July 1938?

Answer 7

decree prohibiting Jewish Doctors from practising medicine

Question 8

what happened on the 28th of October 1938?

Answer 8

decree to expel 17,000 Polish Jews from Germany

Question 9

what happened on the 15th of November 1938?

Answer 9

decree to exclude Jewish pupils from schools and universities

Question 10

what happened on the 3rd of December 1938?

Answer 10

Decree for compulsory closure and sale of all Jewish businesses
majority of Jews lost their homes as well as their businesses due to living above their shops, the decree also banned Jews from making new Businesses.
German businesses also could no longer employ Jews.

Question 11

what happened on the 1st of September 1939?

Answer 11

decree introducing curfew for Jews

Question 12

who was Adolf Eichmann?

Answer 12

the SS leader in charge of Jewish policies.

Question 13

what did Adolf Eichmann introduce in 1938?

Answer 13

he introduced a simplified Jewish emigration program, this allowed Jews to just pack up and leave. The Nazis would even subsidise their travel costs to the border.

Question 14

why didn’t every Jew leave Germany?

Answer 14

only 150,000 Jews left Germany, even though all of them were excluded from society and had no source of income. this was because the surrounding countries like Britain and France were limiting the numbers they would except. The US ended up with a majority but eventually shut the borders.
some also didn’t leave due to the belief that it would get better soon and it was only a rough patch.

Question 15

what happened on the 9th of November 1938?

Answer 15

Kristallnacht

Question 16

what were the events of Kristallnacht?

Answer 16

Goebbels instructs students from the Deutsche dentenschaft to attack Jewish shops, homes and synagogues. 276 synagogues were destroyed and burnt down, 7500 Jewish shops were destroyed and looted, Jewish cemeteries were disturbed and in the morning Jewish men were rounded up and sent to the camps.
there were approximately 90 deaths.

Question 17

what went wrong during Kristallnacht?

Answer 17

the students often went to the wrong address and destroyed Germans homes and shops. the fires weren’t put out or controlled correctly so often spread. fights broke out between Jews defending their properties and the Nazis students.
the SS were told to not interfere and to not respond to calls for help.

Question 18

what were the consequences of Kristallnacht?

Answer 18

• 1000s of Jews were rounded up and interned
• The Jewish community were charged for all the damages
• 3rd December, Jewish shops nationalised
• Nov-Dec Jews banned from working in Jewish businesses
• 15th Nov 1938, all Jews banned from schools and universities