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Anatomy 214L > Chapter Six: Muscular System > Flashcards

Chapter Six: Muscular System Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle cells

A

Myocytes

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2
Q

Myocytes are wrapped in the….

A

Endomysium

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3
Q

Endomysium wrapped myocytes are bundled and wrapped in the…

A

Perimysium

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4
Q

Endomysium wrapped myocytes are bundled and wrapped in perimmysium to create a…

A

fascicle

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5
Q

Fasciles are bundled and wrapped in the…

A

perimysium

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6
Q

Fascicles are bundled and wrapped in the epimysium to create a…

A

muscle

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7
Q

Muscles attach to bone via strong connective tissue called a…

A

tendon

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8
Q

the fixed end of the muscle is the…

A

origin

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9
Q

The moveable end of the muscle is the…

A

insertion

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10
Q

The proximal/distal, superior/inferior, medial/lateral, etc. of muscles is called…

A

Attachment points

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11
Q

Myocytes are made from many fused immature cells; up to ____ nuclei per mature cell

A

50

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12
Q

Basic functional unit of the muscular system

A

Sarcomere

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13
Q

Thick filaments are made of…

A

myosin

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14
Q

Thin filaments are made of…

A

Actin

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15
Q

The cell membrane of muscle cells is called the…

A

Sarcolemma

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16
Q

The cytoplasm of the muscle cell is the…

A

Sarcoplasm

17
Q

The Endoplasmic Reticulum of the muscle cell is the…

A

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

18
Q

_________ _______________ (AP) cause Sodium ion channels on sarcolemma to open, triggering the release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Action Potentials

19
Q

Ca2+ ions in the muscular system interact with…

A

Myofilaments

20
Q

To prevent superficial myofilaments from contracting sooner than deep myofilaments, the sarcolemma penetrates into myocytes in the form of…

A

T-tubules

21
Q

T-tubules surround ___________ ____________ which are enlarged areas of the sarcoplasmic reticulum that store Ca2+ ions

A

terminal cisternae

22
Q

The portion of T-tubule and terminal cisternae that surround sarcomere are called the…

A

triad

23
Q

What type of muscle tissue?
- found exclusively in the heart
- contracts using sarcomeres
- myocytes are shorter and branched; intercalated discs
- gap junctions allow for function syncytium (contraction all at once in a coordinated fashion)

A

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

24
Q

What type of muscle tissue?
- found throughout body: blood vessels, GI tract, bronchioles
- contraction is not through use of sarcomeres; autonomic

A

Smooth Muscle Tissue

25
Q

What type of muscle tissue?
- voluntary, somatic

A

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

Anatomy 214L (9 decks)

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