Cyberspace, network security and data transfer

Question 1

What is Cyber Crime?

Answer 1

Using a computer to commit a crime

Question 2

Explain Hacking

Answer 2

Gaining unauthorised access to a computer with the intention of corrupting or stealing data stored on a hard drive

Question 3

Explain Pornography

Answer 3

Hiding malware when someone downloads adult content which increases the risk of someone’s data being corrupted by a virus or stolen by an unauthorised data

Question 4

Explain Cyber Stalking

Answer 4

Using technology to harass others such as sending inappropriate emails or making inappropriate comments on social media

Question 5

Explain Data Theft

Answer 5

Theft of personal data which are then used to commit identity theft, eg passport applications

Question 6

Explain Denial of Service

Answer 6

A malicious attack on a network, eg preventing users from logging on to access their data or email accounts

Question 7

Explain Digital Forgery

Answer 7

Intentionally and falsely altering digital content. eg changing passport photographs and sell to criminals

Question 8

Explain Cyber Defamation

Answer 8

Using the internet to intentionally damage the reputation of a person or organisation

Question 9

Explain Spamming

Answer 9

Spamming is sending junk emails as a result the inbox becomes overloaded and time is wasted opening and reading such emails.

Question 10

Explain Phishing

Answer 10

Sending emails that appear to be from a reliable source asking recipients to update their personal information which is then used by hackers

Question 11

Explain Malware

Answer 11

Malware is a malicious software that is downloaded onto a computer unintentionally by using the internet or from email attachment

Question 12

Explain Virus

Answer 12

Virus is a program that attaches itself into a file and once the file is opens it spreads itself to different computers on the same network

Question 13

Explain Trojan Horse

Answer 13

Trojan horse gains entry to a user’s computer in disguise and tricks the user by encouraging them to open and download a software program that they require.

Question 14

Explain Worms

Answer 14

Worms spread around a computer system by replicating itself. Spreads around the network without the need to be attached to any to any document or program

Question 15

Explain Keylogger

Answer 15

Designed to record keyboard activities performed by users(known as ‘keystrokes’)
Keystrokes are saved as log file and then sent to the person who created the program

Question 16

Main Purpose of Keyloggers

Answer 16

Steal Banking Information

Question 17

Main Purpose of Trojan Horses

Answer 17

Deleting Data Files

Question 18

Explain Spyware

Answer 18

Software is secretly installed on a user’s computer from the internet

Question 19

What does Spyware do?

Answer 19

Tracks user activities
Example credit card and password details when used on websites

Question 20

Explain Data Encryption

Answer 20

Uses special software to encode(converted into a code form) or scramble data before it is transmitted

Question 21

What does Data Encryption do?

Answer 21

This makes the data unreadable or meaningless if intercepted
Users with the encryption key software can unscramble the data when it arrives at its destination

Question 22

Explain Usernames and Password

Answer 22

users on a network are allocated a unique user ID and a randomly generated passwords
Each time a user logs on the system checks their user ID and password to grant the user access to data

Question 23

Why should a user have a strong password

Answer 23

To help reduce data theft

Question 24

How to make a password secure?

Answer 24

Regularly changed

at least 8 characters, one uppercase characters

atleast one special character such as #$?

Question 25

Explain what a network manager has control over?

Answer 25

Who has been on the network
Location of the Computer

Question 26

Explain Access Levels

Answer 26

Users are allocated different levels of access to files
Types of Access:
Read Only
Read and Copy
Read and Write

Question 27

What happens if user doesn’t have the correct level of access?

Answer 27

They will be denied access

Question 28

What is a backup?

Answer 28

A backup is a copy of an original fine just in case it is deleted accidently or corrupted

Question 29

Explain Backup

Answer 29

If data is lost or damaged, the network should have a method of recovering the data
Network backups are scheduled to run at certain times,example end of each day

Question 30

Explain Firewalls

Answer 30

Firewalls monitor and filter data entering or leaving a network

Blocks data which do not obey the organisation rules

Question 31

Expand FTP

Answer 31

File Transfer Protocol

Question 32

Explain FTP

Answer 32

File Transfer Protocol allows uses to download or upload files over internet
Encryption is Used for Safety

Question 33

What is a Protocol?

Answer 33

A set of rules to allow for communication between two different computer systems

Question 34

Expand HTTP

Answer 34

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Question 35

Explain HTTP

Answer 35

Hypertext Transfer protocol is used by www to transfer webpages over the internet

Question 36

What will the HTTP report if webpage isnt found?

Answer 36

Error 404 not found
is displayed

Question 37

Expand HTTPS

Answer 37

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

Question 38

Explain HTTPS

Answer 38

Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure uses SSL to ensure data is transmitted securely over the internet
Uses Encryption for sending data
Uses Decryption for receiving data

Question 39

What is the main use of HTTPS

Answer 39

Financial transactions

Question 40

What do worms do?

Answer 40

Slow data transmission speeds