Unit 9 Chapter 17 HIV and AIDS Flashcards
What is HIV
Virus binds to CD4 Receptor sites on cells
* HIV genetic material enters cells and then
replicates when with cell replicates
does HIV decrease immunity?
A. No
B. Yes
B. Yes
What is the normal range for CD4 count?
A. 100-200
B. 600-700
C. 50-100
D.800-1000
D.800-1000
Is it important for patients who
How is HIV contracted or transmitted?
Sexual
* Semen, vaginal secretions
* Caused by genital, anal sex leads to microtears which can increase transmission of HIV , or oral sexual contact
Parenteral
* Sharing of needles or equipment contaminated with infected blood
Perinatal
* Placenta, contact with maternal blood and body fluids during birth, breast milk
What is the number one form of transmission for HIV?
Sexual
* Semen, vaginal secretions
* Caused by genital, anal, or oral sexual contact
Patient teaching for pregnant mothers with HIV
- Placenta, contact with maternal blood and body fluids during birth, breast milk
*Encourage C-section
*Do not breast feed
After a HIV+ mom gives birth to a baby boy. What is the interdisciplinary teams next action for both the mom and baby?
A. Administer vitamin K vaccine to babay
B. Ask mother if she wants her baby boy to have a circumcisopn>
C. Obtain an order for antiretroviral drug therapy
D. Administer pre exposure prophylaxis for babay.
C. Obtain an order for antiretroviral drug therapy
What is the typical precaution for clients who are HIV+ for health care workers?
A. Contact
B. Airborne
C. Standard
D. Droplet
C. Standard
includes hand washing and gloves
Use of standard precautions with Health Care Personnel
To prevent HIV transmission to patients, health care workers must wear gloves when in contact with patients’ mucous membranes or nonintact skin.
Are all persons susceptible to HIV infection
Teach all adults, age, gender, ethnicity, or sexual orientation they are susceptible to HIV infection
What are some preventions for HIV
- Condoms
- Cleaning/sterilizing drug paraphernalia
- Needle exchange programs
- Blood products screened for the HIV antibody
- Drug therapy for pregnant mothers
- Risk for transmission about 25% not using HIV drug therapy
- Risk for transmission about 8% with HIV drug therapy
- Use of standard precautions with Health Care Personnel
If a clients Viral load is high is sexual activity contraindicated?
A. No
B. Yes
B. Yes
When viral load is increased incidents transmission is higher
any blood contact or bodily fluid contact will transfer HIV to that person
Diagnostic patients
What are the s/s of HIV
Fever
* Night sweats
* Chills
* Headache
* Muscle aches
* Rash
*Diahrhea
* Sore throat
*flu like symptoms
*Low WBC
Thrush (infection on tongue
*Lymphedema(enlarged lymp nodes)
*weight loss
*Low CD4 count below 800 specifically below 500
*Lipodystropy(people to lose or gain fat in certain body areas
When is it confirmed that a client has contracted AIDS?
A. when the CD4 count has dropped below 200
B. When the patient contracts fungal pneumonia
C. The client reports having night sweats and chills
D. The client has not taken their antiretroviral medications in 2 days.
A. when the CD4 count has dropped below 200
What are the stages or classification of HIV
- Stage 1
- Confirmed HIV & CD4 count >500 or 29% or >
- Stage 2
- Confirmed HIV & CD4 count 200-499 or 14%-28
- Stage 3
- Confirmed HIV , CD4 count <200 or <14%, & has a documented AIDS defining illness
- Stage 4
- Confirmed HIV, no information about CD4 count and has an AIDS defining
illness
What is the Treatment for HIV and AIDS
** MULTIPLE Antiretroviral meds – reducing viral load significantly reduces the risk
of transmission**