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Musculoskeletal > Foot Muscles (Quiz/Exam 3) > Flashcards

Foot Muscles (Quiz/Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 muscles in the 1st layer of the foot?

A

1) abductor hallucis
2) flexor digitorum brevis
3) abductor digiti minimi

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2
Q

What are the origins/proximal attachments for the abductor hallucis?

A

-medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus
-flexor retinaculum
-plantar aponeurosis

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3
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the abductor hallucis?

A

medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st digit

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4
Q

What innervates the abductor hallucis?

A

medial plantar n.

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5
Q

What are the actions of the abductor hallucis?

A

abducts and flexes 1st digit (great toe)

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6
Q

What are the origins/proximal attachments for the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

-medial and lateral tubercle of tuberosity of the calcaneus
-plantar aponeurosis
-intermuscular septa

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7
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

both sides of the middle phalanges of lateral 4 digits

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8
Q

What innervates the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

medial plantar n.

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9
Q

What is the action of the flexor digitorum brevis?

A

flexes lateral 4 digits

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10
Q

What are the origins/proximal attachments for the abductor digiti minimi?

A

-lateral tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus
-plantar aponeurosis
-intermuscular septa

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11
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the abductor digiti minimi?

A

lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit

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12
Q

What innervates the abductor digiti minimi?

A

lateral plantar n.

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13
Q

What are the actions of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

abducts and flexes little toe (5th digit)

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14
Q

What are the 2 muscles in the 2nd layer of the foot?

A

1) quadratus plantae
2) lumbricals

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15
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment for the quadratus plantae?

A

medial surface and lateral margin of the plantar surface of the calcaneus

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16
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the quadratus plantae?

A

posterolateral margin of the tendon of flexor digitorum longus

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17
Q

What innervates the quadratus plantae?

A

lateral plantar n.

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18
Q

What are the actions of the quadratus plantae?

A

assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral 4 digits (toes)

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19
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment for the lumbricals?

A

tendons of the flexor digitorum longus

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20
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the lumbricals?

A

medial aspect of the expansion over lateral 4 digits

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21
Q

What innervates the lumbricals?

A

medial 1= medial plantar n.

lateral 3= lateral plantar n.

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22
Q

What are the actions of the lumbricals?

A

-flex proximal phalanges
-extend middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits (toes)

23
Q

What are the 3 muscles in the 3rd layer of the foot?

A

1) flexor hallucis brevis
2) adductor hallucis
3) flexor digiti minimi brevis

24
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment for the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

plantar surfaces of the cuboid and lateral cuneiforms

25
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment of the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

BOTH sides of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st digit

26
Q

What innervates the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

medial plantar n.

27
Q

What is the action of the flexor hallucis brevis?

A

flexes proximal phalanx of the 1st digit

28
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment for the oblique head of the adductor hallucis?

A

bases of metatarsals 2-4

29
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment for the transverse head of the adductor hallucis?

A

plantar ligaments of the MTP joints

30
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the adductor hallucis?

A

tendons of both heads (oblique + transverse) attach to lateral side of the base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

31
Q

What innervates the adductor hallucis?

A

deep lateral plantar n.

32
Q

What are the actions of the adductor hallucis?

A

-adduct 1st digit
-assists in transverse arch of foot by metatarsals medially

33
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

base of 5th metatarsal

34
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit

35
Q

What innervates the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

superficial lateral plantar n.

36
Q

What are the actions of the flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit, thereby assisting with its flexion

37
Q

What is another name for flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

flexor digiti minimi

38
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the 4th layer of the foot?

A

1) plantar interossei (3 muscles)
2) dorsal interossei (4 muscles)

39
Q

What are the origins/proximal attachments for the plantar interossei muscles?

A

bases and medial sides of the metatarsals 3-5

40
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the plantar interossei?

A

medial sides of the bases of the phalanges of 3rd-5th digits

41
Q

What innervates the plantar interossei muscles?

A

lateral plantar n.

42
Q

What are the actions of the plantar interossei muscles?

A

adduct digits 2-4 and flex MTP joints

PAD= plantar adducts

43
Q

What are the origins/proximal attachments for the dorsal interossei muscles?

A

adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5

44
Q

What are the insertions/distal attachments for the dorsal interossei muscles?

A

1st= medial side of the proximal phalanx of the 2nd digit

2nd-4th= lateral sides of 2nd-4th digits

45
Q

What innervates the dorsal interossei muscles?

A

lateral plantar n.

46
Q

What are the actions of the dorsal interossei muscles?

A

abduct digits 2-4 and flex MTP joints

DAB= dorsals abduct

47
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the dorsum of the foot, or 5th layer of the foot?

A

1) extensor digitorum brevis
2) extensor hallucis brevis

48
Q

What are the origins/proximal attachments for the extensor digitorum brevis AND extensor hallucis brevis?

A

-calcaneus (floor of tarsal sinus)
-interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
-stem of inferior extensor retinaculum

49
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the extensor digitorum brevis?

A

long flexor tendons of 4 medial toes (digits 2-5)

50
Q

What innervates the extensor digitorum brevis?

A

deep fibular n.

51
Q

What are the actions of the extensor digitorum brevis?

A

aids the extensor digitorum longus in extending the 4 medial toes at the MTP and IP joints

52
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the extensor hallucis brevis?

A

dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe

53
Q

What innervates the extensor hallucis brevis?

A

deep fibular n.

54
Q

What are the actions of the extensor hallucis brevis?

A

aids the extensor hallucis longus in extending the great toe at the MTP joint

Musculoskeletal (17 decks)

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