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Syndromes > Important Clinical and Historical Features of some diseases > Flashcards

Important Clinical and Historical Features of some diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Wickham’s striae, bilateral symmetrical distribution of lesions with female predilection. Saw tooth retepegs. liquefaction degeneration of basal layet, colloid or civatte bodies.

A

Lichen planus

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2
Q

Auspitz’s sign, painless non pruritic papules
No involvement of oral mucosa and Monro’s abscesses.

A

Psoriasis

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3
Q

Psoriasis, Reiter’s syndrome. benign migratory glossitis and ectopic geographic tongue.

A

Psoriasis form lesions

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4
Q

Positive Nikolsky’s sign. Tzanck cells and granular immuno Ruorescence.

A

Pemphigus

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5
Q

Nikolsky’s sign+ve Dilapidated brick wall effect.

A

Familial benign chronic pemphigus (Mailey-Hailey disease)

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6
Q

Butterfly distribution of lesions . Carpet tack extensions .LE.cell phenomenon Lupus erythematosus speckled or particulate immuno fourescence.

A

Lupus erythematosus

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7
Q

.Lesions on skin are rare except on genitalia
Ocularinvolvement is the most serious complication

A

Cicatrial pemphigoid/ Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid / Ocular pemphigus

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8
Q

Gingival tissues are involved
Separation of the basement membrane with the connective tissue from the overlying epithelium.

A

Bullous pemphigoid / Parapemphigus

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9
Q

Target or Iris or Bulls Eye Lesions Erythema multiforme Recent H/0 of Herpes simplex infection

A

Erythema multiforme

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10
Q

Corps ronds and grains, Leafing out pattern of parabasal cells Defect in demosome tonofilament complex.

A

Keratosis follicularis(Darriers disease)

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11
Q

Hyperkeratosis, acanthosis with a deep groove filled with parakeratin and absence of granular layer constituting the Cornoid Lamella

A

Porokeratosis of Mibelli

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12
Q

Mask like face, claw like hands, Raynauds phenomenon, CREST syndrome. staff board like tongue, coup de sabre and generalized widening of the periodontal ligament

A

scleroderma

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13
Q

Hyper elasticity of skin, hyper extensibility of joints. defective heating, rubber man
Lack of normal scalloping of DEJ

A

Ehlers danlos syndrome

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14
Q

Ulcers occurring on the masticatory mucosa, common in children Prodromal symptoms are present Presence of Lipschutz bodies and Ballooning degeneration

A

Primary herpetic stomatitis

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15
Q

Koplik spots.

A

Measles (Rubeola)

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16
Q

Bilateral contagious parotitis, elevated serum amylase level.

A

Mumps

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17
Q

Herpetic labialis, Herpetic whitlow (painful herpes simplex vrirus infection of a finger from direct inoculation. Most common in physicians, dentists, and nurses as a result of exposure to the virus in patient’s mouth) Ulcers on the masticatory mucosa, Tzanck cells.

A

Recurrent or secondary herpes virus infection

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18
Q

Ulcers occurring on the labile mucosa Precipitated commonly in stress. No history of Prodromal symptoms

A

Recurrent Apthous stomatitis

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19
Q

Sore throat, ulcers on the faucial pillars, soft and hard palate, Occurs as an epidemic summer Caused by Coxsackie group A virus

A

Herpangina

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20
Q

UNTLATERAL painful vesicles along the course of sensory nerves Tzanck cells

A

Herpes Zoster

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21
Q

Fungal disease affecting the reticulo-endothetial system and resembles granulomatous infection.

A

Phycomycosis (mucormycosis)

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22
Q

Strawberry tongue, Raspberry tongue.

A

Scarlet fever

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23
Q

Lock Jaw due to muscle trismus Risus sardonicus (Rigidity of facial muscles) Risus opisthotonus (Rigidity of entire body muscles)

A

Tetanus

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24
Q

Hebra nose

A

Rhinoscleroma

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25
Q

Rhagades formation is seen HUTCHINSONS TRIAD, which include hypoplasia of the incisor and molar teeth, eight nerve deafness and interstitial keratitis.

A

Congenital syphitis

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26
Q

Vesiculo bullous lesions affecting skin, oral mucosa, eyes and genitals.

A

Steven Johnson’s syndrome Cicatrial Pemphigoid Behcet’s syndrome Reiter’s syndrome

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27
Q

Cyst found in place of a tooth.

A

Primordial cyst

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28
Q

Cyst causing “hollowing out” of the entire ramus

A

Dentigerous cyst

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29
Q

Multilocular variant of lateral periodontal cyst.

A

Botryolid odontogenic yt

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30
Q

Keratin filled.cysts along the midpalatine raphae of the new born.

A

Epstein pearls

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31
Q

Keratin filled cysts along the junction of the hard and soft palate in the newborn.

A

Bohn’s modules

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32
Q

Cystic epithelium containing daughter or satellite cysts . Cystic fluid containing protein content of less than 4 gm/100 mL

A

Odontogenic keratocyst

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33
Q

Multiple odontogenic keratocysts, basal cell carcinoma, rib anomalies.

A

Jaw cyst - Basal cell nevus Bifid rib syndrome

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34
Q

Multiple odontogenic cysts. excessive length of bones, hyper extensibility of joints

A

Marfan’s syndrome

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35
Q

Driven snow radiographic appearance Lisegang rings. APUD amyloid Clear cells.

A

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (Pindborg tumor)

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36
Q

Cyst developing frequently in the anterior maxilla, occurring mostly at 20 years of age, female predilection.

A

Adenoameloblastoma

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37
Q

Tennis racket shaped septa * Pale cells, Dark cells histologically High content of hyaluronic acid

A

Odontogenic myxoma

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38
Q

Asymptomatic lesions occurring near the apices of mandibular incisors, vital teeth, female predilection.

A

Feriapical cemental dysplasia (cementoma)

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39
Q

Neoplasm made up of different types of tissues not native to the area.

A

Teratoma

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40
Q

Excessive proliferation of chronically inflamed dental pulp
Occurs mostly in teeth with large open carious lesions especially in children, contains few nerves

A

Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis (Pulp polyp)

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41
Q

Decayed VITAL tooth. sclerosing bone reaction, high tilssue resistance. low grade Infection, bone scar formation

A

Condensing osteitis

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42
Q

Decayed tooth, periosteal thickening, mandible predilection, occurring mostly in children

A

Garre’s osteomyeltis

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43
Q

Extreme fragility and fractures of the bones, blue sclera, brownish or yellowish teeth with translucent or opalescent hue

A

Osteogenesis imperfecta

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44
Q

Hyperostosls, tender, deeply placed soft tissue swellings occouring extensively in intants.

A

Infantile cortical hyperostosis

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45
Q

Brachycephalic skull. abnormalities of clavicles Hypermobilily of shoulder due to absence of clavicle
Multiple unerupted supernumerary teeth
Presence of Wormian bones
Absence of cellular cementum

A

Ceidocranlal dyplasia

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46
Q

Antimonologoid palpebral fissures, hyperplasia of malar bones and mandible, Facial Cleft, malformation of ears, fish like or bird like face, deficiency of eye lashes

A

Mandibulofacial dysostosis

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47
Q

Cleft Palate, micrognathia, glossopitosis, bird face

A

Pierre Robin Syndrome

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48
Q

Early synostosis of sutures, small maxilla, parrot beak nose, hypertelorism and triangular frontal defect

A

Craniofacial dysostosis

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49
Q

Mongoloid facies, subnormal mentality, large mandible, macroglossia, low caries incedence than in normal people, and high incidence of periodontal diseases

A

Down Syndrome

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50
Q

Endosteal production of bone, lack of resorption of bone, medullary cavities replaced by bone, thickened cortex

A

Osteopetrosis

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51
Q

Dwarfism disturbance of endochondral bone formation, possess high strength

A

Achondroplasia

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52
Q

Resorption of bone with ultimate total disappearance of bone.

A

Massive osteolysis (vanishing bone)

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53
Q

Enlargement of skull and jaw bones Compression of nerves in their foramens Both osteolytic and osteoblastic lesion, Cotton wool radiographic appearance Increased serum allaline phosphatase level, Mosaic and Jigsaw puzzle appearance of bone histologically Development of osteosarcoma in involved bones is common

A

Pagets disease

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54
Q

Caff-au-lait spots, endocrinal disturbances, lesions invotvring more than one bone.

A

Polyostotic fibrous dyplasia

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55
Q

Mottled, ground glass or peaud orange radiographic appearance, Lesion involving one bone, requires cosmetic recontouring as treatment. Chinese letter shaped trabeculae

A

Monostotic fibrous dysplasia

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56
Q

Chubby face. angelic look or or eyes towards heaven appearance Premature exfoliation of deciduous teeth, [which is also seen in Noonan’s syndrome Teeth appear to be floating in cystic spaces radiographically (foating tooth syndrome) Presence of giant cells histologically Ground glass appearance radiographically

A

Cherubism

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57
Q

Pain, muscle tenderness (mostly lateral pterygoid). clicking of TM), Limitation of jaw motion, lack of tenderness in the joint when it is palpated through external auditory meatus.

A

MPDS

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58
Q

Munters of Moeller’s glossítis Acholorhydria. nervous system involvement Howell-Jolly bodies and Cabot’s rings.

A

Pernicious anemia

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59
Q

Bald tongue of sandwith, Diarrhea, Dementia and Dermatitis.

A

Pellagra

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60
Q

General lack of bone marrow activity, anemia, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia

A

Aplastic anemia

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61
Q

Target cells, end or crew cut appearance of skull (This appearance causes a Step-lader effect in PA views of skull), Salt and Pepper appearance of IOPA

A

Thalassemia
Note: Salt and pepper effect in MRI of salivary gland is seen in Sjogren’s syndrome

62
Q

Sickle hemoglobin (Hbs). sickle shaped erythrocytes. * Hait on end or crew cut radiographic appearance of skull.

A

Sickle cell anemia

63
Q

Purplish discoloration of deciduous teeth, Enamel Hypoplasia involving the incisal edges of anterior teeth and middle 3rd of deciduous cuspid and 1st molar maybe seen resulting in a characteristic ring like defect known as Rh hump

A

Erythroblastosis fatalis

64
Q

Oral ulcerations, presence of infection, . Lack of inflammatory cell infiltration around the lesions.

A

Agranulocytosis

65
Q

Also known as Kissing disease Palatal petechiae is important identification feature Positive Paul bunnel and Monospot tests

A

Infectious mononuccosis

66
Q

Periodic or cyclic diminution of PMNs for every 21 days.

A

Cyclic neutropenia

67
Q

Philadelphia chromosome,
The most consistent chromosomal abnormality is Philadelphia chromosome involving the eciprocal translocation of parts of long arm of chromosome 2 to the long arm of chromosome 9

A

Chronic myeloid leukemia

68
Q

Brown non cariogenic plaque line on the enamel at the cervical margin of the tooth.

A

Mesenteric line

69
Q

Hematoxyphilic line between regular dentin and postoperative dentin * It is due to disturbance in dentin formation at the cavity preparation

A

Caciotraumatic line

70
Q

Punched out lesions of interdental papilla, pseudomembrane, fusospirochetal infection (mostly of intermediate sized)

A

ANUG

71
Q

Defective neutrophil chemotaxis., Mirror image shaped vertical bone loss around molars. Note: Mirror image shaped nuclei are seen in Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A

LJP

72
Q

Juvenile periodontitis, Palmar plantar keratosis, calcification of falx cerebri.

A

Papillon Lefevre syndrome

73
Q

Trigger zones, feeting severe pain of facial muscles, More involvement of maxillary and mandibular divisions than ophthalmic division, relieved rigeminal neuralgia commonly by carbamazepine

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

74
Q

Alarm clock headache, vidian nerve neuralgia, no trigger zone.

A

Sphenopalatine neuralgia

75
Q

Gustatory sweating.

A

Auriculotemporal or Frey’s syndrome

76
Q

Mask like or expressionless face, inability to close eye on affected side Mouth drawn to unaffected side on smiling.

A

Bells palsy

77
Q

Triggerzone in the tonsillar area, sharp shooting pain in the pharynx, tonsil or posterior portion of tongue.

A

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia

78
Q

Charcots triad (nystagmus, tremor, and scanning speech). Personality and mood deviation towards friendliness.

A

Multiple sclerosis

79
Q

Mypotahic facies, Swan neck

A

Dystrophic myotonia

80
Q

Herculean appearance

A

Congenital myotonia

81
Q

Sorrowful appearance

A

Myasthenia gravis

82
Q

Floppy infant syndrome

A

Hypatonia

83
Q

Petrified Man
Masseter is most commonly involved

A

Generalized myositis ossificans

84
Q

Painless slow growing paratid mass, mixed tumor, hyaline cell. predilection for women

A

Pleomorphic adenoma

85
Q

Bilateral chronic painless enlargement of lacrimal and salivary glands.

A

Mikulicz’s disease

86
Q

Characterized by triad of Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, xerostomia and rheumatoid arthritis
Cherry blossom or bracelets fruit laden tree or salt and pepper appearance of Sialogram

A

Sjagren’s syndrome

87
Q

Carcinoma insitu occurring in patients who have had arsenic therapy

A

Bowen’s disease

88
Q

The basal cells are arranged in anastomosing cords or a duct like pattern, central portion may contain a mucoid material, producing a typical cibriform or swiss cheese or honey comb pattern
Perineural spread of tumor cells is seen

A

Adenoid cystic carcinoma(Cylindroma)

89
Q

Most common malignant salivary gland tumor of children “
Most common intraosseus salivary gland neoplasm

A

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

90
Q

Exphytic growth with finger Like projections, cauliflower like surface
Most common benign neoplasm originating from surface epithelium.

A

Papilloma

91
Q

Benign lesion esembling epidermoid carcinoma both clinically and histologically, a self healing lesion

A

Keratoacanthoma

92
Q

Carcinoma resembling benign lesion *Parakeratin plugging is seen.

A

Verrucous carcinoma

93
Q

Most common intra oral nevus.

A

Blue nevus

94
Q

“Abtrop fung” or dropping off effect, junctional activity, premalignant condition.

A

Junctional nevus

95
Q

Premalignant lesions.

A

Leukoplakia,Erythroplakia

96
Q

Strap cells, racquet cells and ribbon cells.

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

97
Q

Intracellular edema of the spinous layer. The characteristic edematous cells are large and pale with a reticular pattern lesion resembles leukoplakia but is a variant of normal mucosa. * Lesion disappears on stretching the buccal mucosa.

A

Leukoedema

98
Q

Buming sensation, trismus, absence of retepegs, reduced fibroblasts and hyalinization of collagen bundles.

A

Oral submucous fibrosis

99
Q

Most common carcinoma of skin .Men predilection * Rolled out margins * Most frequent on middle third of the face * Direct spread, no metastasis, so known as benign carcinoma.

A

Basal cell carcinoma

100
Q

Most common neoplasm of oral cavity, second most common neoplasm of skin, most common in lower lips

A

Epidermoid carcinoma

101
Q

Epidermoid carcinoma which has poor prognosis.

A

Carcinoma of tongue and floor of the mouth

102
Q

Malignant melanoma which exists solely in vertical growth phase.

A

Nodular melanoma

103
Q

Most common benign soft tissue neoplasm of oral cavity.

A

Fibroma

104
Q

Granular septa originating at right angles from the periphery of the lesion, indentation at the septa, lesion occurring anterior to the first molar usually:

A

Central giant cell granuloma

105
Q

Loss of laminadura. ground glass appearance, brown tumors

A

Hyperparathyroidsm

106
Q

Blood welling up from the tissue, eccentrically ballooned soap bubble radiographic appearance
Pseudocyst

A

Aneurysmal bone cyst

107
Q

Pumping action i.e If the tooth in the tumor area Is pushed into the socket, it is rebounded back

A

Central haemangioma

108
Q

Angiomas of skin in the area supplied by Vnerve. intracranial calcifications, lepto- meningeal angioma

A

Encephalo trigeminal angiomatosis

109
Q

Predominate malignant bone tumor children, onion skin and sunray radiographic appearance.

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

110
Q

Most common primary bone tumor. sunray appearance,widened periodontal ligament.

A

Osteosairoma

111
Q

B-cell neoplasm caused by EBV virus. STARRY SKY histologic appearance.

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

112
Q

Reed-Sternberg_cell lacunar cell (R-S cell in nodular sclerosis type)

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

113
Q

Bence Jones Protein Plasma cells with cart wheel Or checkerboard pattern of chromatin Russel bodies Multiple sharply punched out radlolucent areas, hyperglobulinemia, anemia

A

Multiple myeloma

114
Q

Bence Janes proteins in urine with no anemia and hyperglobulinemia.

A

Solitary plasma cell myeloma (Plasmacytoma)

115
Q

Cafe au lait spots. macroglossia, cosmetic disfigurement, neoplasm arising from perineural cells and Schwann cells

A

Neurofibroma

116
Q

Metastatic lesions of the jaws are mostly from

A

Carcinoma of breast

117
Q

Metastasis from mandibular sarcoma mostly occurs to

A

Lung

118
Q

Protein deficiency with sufficient calorie intake. “Flag sign” hair.

A

Kwashiorkor

119
Q

Starvation with overall lack of calories.

A

Marasmus

120
Q

Photosensitivity, red urine (also seen in patients taking Rifampicin) Reddish brown discoloration of both deciduous and permanent dentition.

A

Porphyria

121
Q

Gorgoyle cells or Hurler cells, Reily bodies.

A

Hurler syndrome

122
Q

Magenta colored tongue. angular cheilitis.

A

Riboflavin deficiency

123
Q

Vomiting after ingestion of fruit or cane sugar.

A

Hereditary fructose intolerance

124
Q

Multiple punched out bone lesions, Exophtholmos, diabetes insipidus, multifocal eosinophilic granuloma.

A

Hand-Schuller Christian disease

125
Q

Gaucher cells, glucosideroside deposition due to lack of an enzyme glucocerebrosidase.

A

Gaucher’s disease

126
Q

Foamy, lipid laden Niemann pick cells, storage of sphingomyclin due to lack of sphingomyelinase.

A

Niemann-Pick disease

127
Q

Deficiency of alkaline phosphatase, excretion of phosphoenthanolamine in urine, premature loss of deciduous teeth.

A

Hypophosphatasia

128
Q

Acute adrenal cortical insufficiency.

A

Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome

129
Q

Bronzing of the skin, pigmentation of oral mucosa, chronic adrenal cortical insufficiency.

A

Addison’s disease

130
Q

Pink hued crown, odontoclasts on the inner pulpal surface of dentin.

A

Internal resorption

131
Q

Radiolucency situated below the mandibular canal.

A

Static or Stafne’s cyst

132
Q

Scalloped radlolucency extended between roots of teeth above the mandibular canal.
Pseudocyst

A

Traumatic bone cyst

133
Q

Brandy wine type, shell teeth,

A

Type III dentinogenesis imperfecta

134
Q

Lava flowing around boulders (histologic appearance)

A

Type I (radicular) dentin dysplasia

135
Q

Thlstle tube pulp chamber.

A

Type II (coronal) dentin dyxplasia

136
Q

Ghost teeth.

A

Regional odontodysplasia

137
Q

Disease occurring due to malabsorption of zinc.

A

Acrodermatitis enteropathica

138
Q

Cobblestone or fissured appearance clinically, caused by HPV 13 AND 32, Club shaped wide rete rldges, presence of viral altered mitosoid cell histologically

A

Focal epithelial hyperplasia (heck’s disease)

139
Q

Benign inflammatory condition of the submandibular gland that mimics a malignant neoplasm clinically because of presentation as a hard mass

A

Kuttner tumor or Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis of submandibular gland

140
Q

Traumatic ulceration of mucosa due to missing teeth malposed teeth, partial denture and Riga Fede disease followed by proliferation of granulation tissue adjacent to the area of ulceration

A

TUGSE or Traumantic granuloma with stromal eosinophilia

141
Q

Leaf like denture fibroma that occurs beneath a maxillary denture, mucopolysaccharide keratin dystrophy or plasma pooling histologic feature

A

EPULIS FISSURATUM or enture epulis or inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia

142
Q

Camblum layer is seen in

A

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

143
Q

Congenital epulis in newborns located on maxillary or mandibular gingiva:

A

Neuman’s tumor

144
Q

The lips characteristically develops looseness and protrusion that have been described as tapir lps-
Myopathic facies
Patients are unable to whistle or smile

A

Mild restricted muscular dystrophy.

145
Q

Triton tumor is other name for

A

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST)

146
Q

Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor is other name for

A

Calcifying odontogenic cyst

147
Q

. A periapical granuloma without cystic transformation

A

Bay cyst

148
Q

An inflammatory cyst found primarily on the distal or facial aspect of a vital mandibular 3rd molar

A

Paradental cyst

149
Q

The antigen that can be detectable during the window period and the late phase of infections when the virus replicating fast

A

P24 antigen

150
Q

The disease in which the causative organisms contains a clear halo and is described as “tissue microcyst”

A

Cryptococcosis

Syndromes (16 decks)

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