Exploration Flashcards
When did Sir Francis Drake circumnavigate the globe?
1557
What were the reasons for exploration?
Needed new trading opportunities
New technology made navigation more precise
Ship designs improve
Encouragement to raid Spanish colonies in “the new world”
Funding from private investors such as Elizabeth
Why did English merchants need new trading opportunities?
War with Spain and wars in The Netherlands damaged the cloth trade
What developments happened on ships that lead to increased exploration?
They became Faster, more stable and had greater firepower
What was the significance of Drakes circumnavigation of the globe?
Improved reputation as a sea faring power
Improved navy- seen as best means of defence
Increased trade
New links created through colonies
Aggravated Phillip
What was the attempted colonisation of Virginia, when did it happen and who planned it?
A plan to create new links to the new world through colonising Virginia
1584-85
Sir Walter Raleigh
What was the timeline of the colonisation of Virginia
84- plan made to send a team to explore Virginia and report back
85- 107 men sent to Roanoke
86- struggle to feed themselves, face hostile native Americans, plan abandoned
87- more people sent over to re-establish a colony
90- colony found abandoned
Why did the colony fail?
Not enough food
Colony not resupplied often enough due to war with Spain
Expeditions lacked the skills needed to work land and build defence
Colonists couldn’t defend themselves
Why did the colonists not have enough food?
Arrived too late to plant crops, food spoiled
What was the significance of the attempted colonisation?
Served as a template for future attempts
End of the 17th century- 13 colonies with their own govts on the east coast
What lead t an increase in exploration?
Investments
Ships
New technology
Trade
Maps
Why did maps lead to increased exploration?
Standardised maps like the Mercator map (1569) made sailors feel secure in their voyages
What new technology lead to an increase in exploration?
Nautical devices
Quadrants
Astrolabes
-safer and faster
What new features of ships lead to an increase in exploration?
Faster- larger sails
More firepower
Increased stability
More manoeuvreable
