Chapter 13

Question 1

The force or resistance against which the heart pumps.

Answer 1

Afterload

Question 2

Severe shock caused by an allergic reaction

Answer 2

Anaphylactic Shock

Question 3

An extreme, life-threatening, systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure.

Answer 3

Anaphylaxis

Question 4

A swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall.

Answer 4

Aneurysm

Question 5

The part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary activities of the body, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion of food.

Answer 5

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 6

Compression of the heart as the result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output.

Answer 6

Cardiac Tamponade

Question 7

A state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial infraction, as well as other conditions.

Answer 7

Cardiogenic Shock

Question 8

The early stage of shock, in which the body can still compensate for blood loss.

Answer 8

Compensated Shock

Question 9

The late stage of shock when blood pressure is failing.

Answer 9

Decompensated Shock

Question 10

A condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both.

Answer 10

Distributive Shock

Question 11

The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area.

Answer 11

Edema

Question 12

A balance of all systems of the body.

Answer 12

Homeostasis

Question 13

A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95 Degrees Fahrenheit or (35) Celsius.

Answer 13

Hypothermia

Question 14

Hypovolemic Shock

Answer 14

A condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external bleeding or extensive loss of body water, results in inadequate perfusion.

Question 15

A condition defined by the inability to successfully achieve resuscitation regardless of the methods employed.

Answer 15

Irreversible Shock

Question 16

The ability of the heart muscle to contract.

Answer 16

Myocardial Contractility

Question 17

Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patients with spinal cord injuries.

Answer 17

Neurogenic Shock

Question 18

Shock that occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body tissue.

Answer 18

Obstructive Shock

Question 19

The flow of blood through body tissues and vessels.

Answer 19

Perfusion

Question 20

A collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium.

Answer 20

Pericardial Effusion

Question 21

The precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up.

Answer 21

Preload

Question 22

Shock caused by a sudden temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting (Syncope).

Answer 22

psychogenic shock

Question 23

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow.

Answer 23

Pulmonary Embolism

Question 24

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures.

Answer 24

Pulse Pressure

Question 25

Developed a sensitivity to a substance that initially caused no allergic reaction.

Answer 25

Sensitization

Question 26

Shock caused by severe infection. Usually bacterial infection.

Answer 26

Septic Shock

Question 27

A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation to maintain normal cellular functions; also called Hypoperfusion.

Answer 27

Shock

Question 28

Muscles that encircle and, by contracting, constrict a duct, tube, or opening.

Answer 28

Sphincters

Question 29

A fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness.

Answer 29

Syncope