GENERALIZED QUESTIONS ABOUT HA

Question 1

This is a mnemonics that nurse to explore symptoms, signs or health concerns

Answer 1

COLDSPA

Character - Describe the sign or symptom (feeling, appearance, sound, smell, or taste if applicable). “What does the pain feel like?”
Onset -When did it begin? “When did this pain start?”
Location - Where is it? Does it radiate? Does it occur anywhere else? “Where does it hurt the most? Does it radiate or go to any other part of your body?”
Duration- How long does it last? Does it recur? “How long does the pain last? Does it come and go or is it constant?”
Severity - How bad is it? How much does it bother you?
“How intense is the pain? Rate it on a scale of 1 to 10.”
Pattern - What makes it better or worse?
“What makes your back pain worse or better? Are there any treatments you’ve tried that relieve the pain?”
Associated factors - /How it Affects the client
What other symptoms occur with it? How does it affect you?
\ “What do you think caused it to start?
Do you have any other problems that seem related to your back pain?

Question 2

what is PQRST

Answer 2

Proactive/Palliative
Quality
Radiates
Severity
Timing

Question 3

The client should sit upright on the side of the examination table. This position is good for evaluating the head, neck, lungs, chest, back, breasts, axillae, heart, vital signs, and
upper extremities. This position is also useful because it permits full expansion of the lungs and it allows the examiner to assess symmetry of upper body parts

Answer 3

Sitting Position

Question 4

Ask the client to lie down with the legs
together on the examination table. A small pillow may be placed under the head to promote comfort. This position allows the abdominal muscles to relax and provides easy access to peripheral pulse sites. Areas assessed with the client in this position may include head, neck, chest, breasts, axillae, abdomen, heart, lungs, and all extremities

Answer 4

Supine position

Question 5

The client lies down on the examination table or bed with the knees bent, the legs separated, and the feet flat on the table or bed. Areas that may be assessed with the
client in this position include head, neck, chest, axillae, lungs, heart, extremities, breasts, and peripheral pulses. The abdomen should not be assessed because the abdominal muscles are contracted in this position.

Answer 5

Dorsal Recumbent

Question 6

The client lies on the right or left side with the lower arm placed behind the body and the upper arm flexed at the shoulder and elbow. The lower leg is slightly flexed at the knee while the upper leg is flexed at a sharper angle and pulled forward.

This position is useful for assessing the rectal and vaginal areas.

Answer 6

SIMS POSITION

Question 7

The client ___________ in a normal, comfortable, resting posture. This position allows the examiner to assess posture, balance, and gait. This position is also used for examining the male genitalia.

Answer 7

Standing position

Question 8

The client lies down on the abdomen
with the head to the side.
Used to assess hip joint.
The back can also be assessed with the client in this position. Clients with cardiac and respiratory problems cannot tolerate this position.

Answer 8

Prone position

Question 9

The client kneels on the examination table
with the weight of the body supported by the chest and knees. A 90-degree angle should exist between the body and the hips. The arms are placed above the head, with the head turned to one side.

USEFUL FOR EXAMINING THE RECTUM

Answer 9

KNEE-CHEST POSITION

Question 10

The client lies on the back with the hips at the edge of the examination table and the feet supported by stirrups.

USED TO EXAMINE FEMALE GENETALIA, REPRODUCTIVE TRACTS, AND RECTUM

Answer 10

LITHOTOMY POSITION

Question 11

loud, low, hallow sounds in normal lung.
heard over part air and part solid

Answer 11

Resonance

Question 12

very loud, low, booming sound. we can hear this with lung emphysema. Hears over mostly air

Answer 12

Hyper-resonance

Question 13

Loud, high, drum-like. Puffed-out heek, gastric bubble. Heard over air

Answer 13

Tympany

Question 14

Medium, mnoderate, thud-like sound in diaphragm, pleural effusion, liver.
Heard over more solid tissue

Answer 14

Dullness

Question 15

Soft, high, flat that is heard over very dense tissue. Muscle bone, sternum, thigh

Answer 15

Flatness

Question 16

refers to the clients level of cognitive functioning (thinking, knowledge, problem solving) and emotional function.

Answer 16

Mental Status

Question 17

is an essential part of one’s total health and is more than just the absence of mental disabilities or disorders.

Answer 17

mental health

Question 18

efficient screening test to detect
alcohol dependence in trauma center populations

Answer 18

CAGE SELF ASSESSMENT TEST

Question 19

a set of related conditions associated with the consumption of mind- and behavior-altering substances that have
negative behavioral and health outcomes.”

Answer 19

Substance abuse

Question 20

assessment guide can be used to
assess the likelihood of a suicide attempt

Answer 20

SAD PERSONS Suicide Risk Assessment

Question 21

for clients who are at high risk for rapid deterioration of the nervous system

Answer 21

Glasgow Coma Scale GCS

Question 22

refers to whatever a person is
sensing, thinking about, or experiencing at any given moment.

Answer 22

consciousness

Question 23

normal body temp

Answer 23

36.5 to 37.7 degree Celsius

Question 24

Normal pulse rate

Answer 24

60 to 100 beats per minute

Question 25

normal respiration rate

Answer 25

12 to 16 breaths per minute

Question 26

blood pressure

Answer 26

120/80

Question 27

A pulse rate grater than 100 beats/min. May occur with fever, certain medications, stress, and other abnormal states,
such as cardiac dysrhythmias.

Answer 27

tachycardia

Question 28

Pulse rate less than 60 beats/min.
Sitting or standing
for long periods may cause the blood to pool and decrease the
pulse rate. Heart block or dropped beats can also manifest

Answer 28

Bradycardia

Question 29

A pulse pressure lower than 30 mmHg or higher than 50 mmHg may indicate

Answer 29

cardiovascular disease

Question 30

“an unpleasant sensory and emotional
experience, which we primarily associate with tissue damage or describe in terms of such damage

Answer 30

Pain

Question 31

The source of pain
stimulates peripheral nerve endings

Answer 31

nociceptors

Question 32

pain begins when a mechanical, thermal,
or chemical stimulus results in tissue injury or damage stimulating the nociceptors

Answer 32

Transduction

Question 33

initiate a painful stimulus that results in an inflammatory process

Answer 33

Noxious Stimuli

Question 35

Emotional pain or mental pain; refers to pain originating from the person’s psychological dimension and has been found to underlie suicidal behavior

Answer 35

Psychological pain

Question 36

The process of somatization, when psychological pain becomes physical

Answer 36

Psychosomatic or psychogenic pain

Question 37

Involves in transferring or converting uncomfortable feelings into physical symptoms

Answer 37

Somatization

Question 38

Pain caused by nerve receptors detecting harmful stimuli. The receptors react to mechanical, chemical, or thermal stimuli that may cause damage to skin, muscles, bones, or connective tissue (Smith, 2018). is the most common type of pain.

Answer 38

Nociceptive pain

Question 39

Results from damage or dysfunction of any level of the nervous system

Answer 39

Neuropathic pain

Question 40

Has two aspects: inflammatory and immune responses accompanying and causing both nociceptive and neurologic pain, and inflammatory pain syndromes, such as back pain, shoulder pain, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, and migraine

Answer 40

Inflammatory pain

Question 41

Occurs when stimuli in the tissues (skin, muscles, joints, skeleton, connective tissue) are activated. Stimuli such as force, temperature, vibration, and swelling activate the nerve receptors and produce a sensation of cramping gnawing, aching, or sharp pain

Answer 41

Somatic pain

Question 42

Occurs when nerves in the internal organs in the chest, abdomen, intestines, or pelvis are stimulated.

It feels vague, not localized, with a sensation of a deep squeeze, pressure, or aching

Answer 42

Visceral Pain

Question 43

Generated by stimuli at the nerve toot at its connection to the spinal nerves.

Answer 43

Radicular Pain

Question 44

A sensation of pain in a body region distant from the actual source of the painful stimulus.

Answer 44

Referred Pain

Question 45

pain in a part of the body that has been removed, such as a leg

Answer 45

Phantom pain

Question 46

Is more than one type of pain.

include nerve pain, bone pain, tissue pain, and the pain may be referred or phantom (pain in a part of the body that has been removed).

Answer 46

Cancer pain