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1. Social 10-1 > Social Terms > Flashcards

Social Terms Flashcards

1
Q

The Alberta Advantage

A

Refers to the fact that Alberta is sitting on copious amounts of oil and can provide more for their province than others

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2
Q

Acculturation

A

The cultural changes that occur when two cultures accommodate, or adapt to each others worldviews

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3
Q

Assimilation

A

A process that occurs when the culture of a minority group is absorbed by another culture

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4
Q

Ban Ki-Moon

A

A South Korean diplomat who was also secretary general of the United Nations

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5
Q

Capitalism

A

An economic system that advocates free trade, competition and trade as a means of achieving prosperity

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6
Q

Communism

A

An economic and political system whose purpose is to eliminate class distinction. Everyone would work for the benefit of all and would receive help as he or she needs it

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7
Q

Cultural Revitalization

A

The process of affirming and promoting peoples individual and collective cultural identity

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8
Q

Depopulation

A

A reduction in population caused by natural or human-made forces

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9
Q

Digital Divide

A

The gap that separates people who do and do not have access to up to date technology

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10
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

A way of thinking that centers on ones own race and culture

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11
Q

Foreign aid

A

Money,, supplies, and other goods, as well as expertise, given by one country to another

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12
Q

Homogenization

A

The erasing of differences

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13
Q

Hybridization

A

The combining of elements of two or more different things to create something new

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14
Q

Knowledge Economy

A

Bussinesses and individuals who use research, education, new ideas and information for practical uses

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15
Q

Legacy

A

Something that has been passed down by those who have lived in the past

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16
Q

Media Concentration

A

The gathering of ownership of newspapers and other media organizations in the hands of a few large corporation

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17
Q

Media convergence

A

The use of electronic technology to intergrate media such as newspapers and books

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18
Q

NGOs

A

An organization established by groups of people to work towards specific goals. They depend on volunteer work and donations, but they may also recieve grants from governments

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19
Q

Outsourcing

A

A business strategy that involves reducing costs by using suppliers of producs and services in countries where labor is cheaper and government regulation may be less strict

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20
Q

Sustainable development

A

Development that meets people needs in the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their needs

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21
Q

Sustainable Prosperity

A

Practising stewardship of the environment and resources so that future generations are able to achieve prosperity

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22
Q

Transnational Corporation

A

A company that is based in one country while developing and manufacturing or sending products to another country

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23
Q

Accommodation

A

A process that occurs when people from different cultures come into contact accept and create space for one another

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24
Q

Biodiversity

A

Variety in plants and animal species

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25
Q

Collective

A

A group to which a person belongs or identifies with

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26
Q

Cultural content laws

A

Laws passed by agovernment to prevent a groups cultural identity -Including artists, performers, songs, movies and literature- from being overwhelmed by media of a more dominant culture

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27
Q

Cultural Diversity

A

Variety in cultures and identities

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28
Q

Economies of scale

A

Savings achieved by buying, producing and using things in large quantities

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29
Q

GDP/Gross Domestic Product

A

The value of all the goods and services a country produces. Often used to measure the strength of a countries economy

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30
Q

Economic globalization

A

The spread of trade transportation, and communication systems around the world in the interests of promoting worldwide commerce

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31
Q

Multiculturalism

A

An official Canadian government policy founded on the idea that Canada is pluralistic

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32
Q

Pop Culture

A

The culture of the people. Refers to current trends in social media

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33
Q

Propaganda

A

Ideas and information spread for the purpose of achieving a specific goal

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34
Q

Role Model

A

Someone to whom others look as an example to emulate

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35
Q

Universalization

A

The spread of culture, trends, customs and practices around the world

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36
Q

Apartheid

A

An Afrikaans word that refers to a policy of segregating and discriminating against non-whites in South Africa

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37
Q

Cultural Mosaic

A

A society made up of many distinct cultural groups

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38
Q

Cultural Pluralism

A

The idea that a variety of peoples are free to affirm and promote their customs, traditions, beliefs, and language within a society

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39
Q

Deindustrialization

A

The reduction or loss of industry

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40
Q

Depopulation

A

A reduction in population caused by natural or human made forces

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41
Q

Enemy Alien

A

A label assigned WWI and WWII to people from countries that were at war with Canada. The rights of enemy aliens were sometimes restricted, and some were interned in camps

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42
Q

Gacaca Courts

A

Community courts established in Rwanda to try low level officials and ordinary people accused of taking part in the Rwanadan genocide

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43
Q

Genocide

A

The mass killings of humans, especially a targeted group

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44
Q

Grand Exchange

A

A trading process that began when Christopher Columbus brought seeds, fruite trees, and live stocks to the americas where they were cultivated and became staples

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45
Q

Gross National Income

A

The amount of money earned by everyone in a country

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46
Q

Historical Globalization

A

A period that is often identified s beginning in 1492 when Christopher Columbus made his first voyage to the Caribbean and ending after WWI when the USA and USSR emerged as superpowers

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47
Q

Imperialism

A

One country’s domination over another country’s economic, political and cultural institution

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48
Q

Indian Act

A

First Passes by the Canadian Parliment in 1876 and amended several times since then, this act continues to define who is and who isn’t a status Indian

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49
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

The period between 1850 and 1750, when work became mechanized and began to occur in factories

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50
Q

Mercantilism

A

A policy followed by European imperial powers in the 16th and 19th century. In colonies, trade was strictly controlled to benefit the economy of the imperial power

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51
Q

Residential schools

A

Boarding schools where first nations children were gathered to live, work, and study. These schools were operated or subsidized by the Canadian government as an important element of the government’s assimilation policy

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52
Q

Consensus

A

A general agreement

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53
Q

Containerization

A

The transporting of goods in standard sized shipping containers

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54
Q

Ecological Footprint

A

The area of earths surface necessary to sustain the level of resources a person uses and the waste they create

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55
Q

Economic Depression

A

A period of low economic activity accompanied by high levels of unemployment

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56
Q

Flag of convenience

A

A flag flown by ships when they are registered in a country that is not the country of their owner

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57
Q

Free trade

A

The trade that occurs when two or more countries eliminate taxes on the goods and services they trade with one another

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58
Q

Global Climate Change

A

Small but steady changes in temperature around the world

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59
Q

Genuine Progress Index (GPI)

A

A system that measures the sustainability, well being, and quality of life of a country and its people

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60
Q

Market Economy

A

An economy in which government regulations are reduced to a minimum and businesses are free to make their own decisions

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61
Q

Privatization

A

A business strategy that involves reducing costs by using suppliers of products and services in countries where labor is cheaper and government regulation is less strict

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62
Q

Privatization

A

The selling of a public service such as electricity delivery or health care to a private company so the service is no longer owned by the government

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63
Q

Reparations

A

The act of making amends for wrongdoings. May include payments made by a defeated enemy whose territory was damaged during war

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64
Q

Sanction

A

A penalty. Often an economic penalty such as a trade boycott taken to pressure a government to agree to carry out certain actions or follow certain rules

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65
Q

Stewardship

A

Accepting responsibility for ensuring the earths resources remain sustainable

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66
Q

Sustainability

A

The degree to which the earth is able to provide the resources necessary to me peoples needs

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67
Q

Sustainable Prosperity

A

Practicing stewardship of the environment and resources so that future generations are able to achieve prosperity

68
Q

Trade Liberalization

A

A process that involves countries reducing or removing trade barriers such as tariffs and quotas, so goods and services can move around the world more freely

69
Q

Civil Society

A

A sector of society made up of non-government and non-business groups. Includes community groups,NGOs, faith based groups and universities

70
Q

Gender Gap

A

The societal, economic, and political differences that separate men and women

71
Q

Human Trafficking

A

A Crime that occurs when people seeking a better life in a new country are preyed upon by criminal organizations that help them to immigrate illegally then force them to work in substandard conditions or in criminal activity

72
Q

Inalienable

A

Referring to rights that cannot be taken away or transferred

73
Q

Ingenuity Gap

A

The gap between peoples need for new and innovative solutions to problems and their ability to supply those solutions

74
Q

Labour Standards

A

Measures that protect workers

75
Q

Pandemic

A

An epidemic that spreads around the world and poses a serious threat because of peoples ability to travel farther that ever before

76
Q

Virtual Community

A

A community made up of people who may never have met in person but interact via internet

77
Q

Coltan

A

A metal found in the Democratic Republic of Congo that is used in phones to control circuits

78
Q

Context

A

The circumstances or surroundings

79
Q

Agribusiness

A

The group of industries dealing with agricultural produce and services required in farming

80
Q

Assembly of of First Nations

A

A Canadian group that is made up of representatives of more than 600 First Nations across Canada. They work together to achieve aboriginal treaty rights, self determination, and rights over natural resources

81
Q

Bias

A

Prejudice in favor or against on thing, person, or group

82
Q

Bilingual

A

Speaking 2 languages

83
Q

Boycott

A

Refusing to buy goods as a protest

84
Q

Communication Technology

A

Technology around the world that helps individuals to connect with each other

85
Q

Canadian Radio Television Commission (CRTC)

A

A pupils organization in Canada with mandate as a regulatory agency for broadcasting and telecommunications

86
Q

Culture

A

The customs, arts social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group

87
Q

European Union

A

A union of European countries that have libertines their economies by integrating them with one common currency. They have also eliminated border crossings

88
Q

Glocal

A

When something on a global level can also affect things on a local level and vice versa

89
Q

Gross National Product (GNP)

A

He total value of goods and services provided by a country in one year

90
Q

Infrastructure

A

The basic physical structures and facilities ex. Buildings and roads

91
Q

Jargon

A

A collection of terms often used by members of a professional collective

92
Q

Kyoto Accord

A

Countries of the world work to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

93
Q

McJob

A

A low paid job with few opportunities

94
Q

Marginalize

A

To treat a person as insignificant

95
Q

Media

A

The main means of mass communication

96
Q

NAFTA

A

A free trade zone created by the United States and Canada. Mexico was later added

97
Q

Protectionism

A

The theory or practice of shielding a country’s domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports

98
Q

Slang

A

A collection of terms used by the members of a social collect

99
Q

Tariff

A

A tax to be paid on imports

100
Q

Transnational Media Corperation

A

Media corporations that distribute their media worldwide ex. Disney, ESPN

101
Q

UN

A

An organization created after WWI that united countries of the world

102
Q

WTO

A

Emerged from GATT, regulates trading among countries

103
Q

Afrikaner

A

Dutch people living in South Africa

104
Q

Beothuk

A

An indigenous group in Canada that was invaded by Europeans and killed

105
Q

Berlin Conference

A

AKA the scramble from Africa. Where countries of Europe met to decide which regions of Africa that they wanted to take control of

106
Q

Boer

A

A member of the Dutch who colonized South Africa

107
Q

Chattel slavery

A

When slaves and their descendants were private property of their owner

108
Q

Child labour

A

Work done by children due to their size and low pay

109
Q

European diseases

A

Diseases brought by Europeans during colonization that killed many indigenous populations

110
Q

Grameen Bank

A

A bank that provides small loans so that people may start up businesses and repay the money

111
Q

Hudson’s Bay Company

A

A company created by Europeans in Canada mainly focused on selling and trading fur

112
Q

Hutus

A

Laborers in Rwanda

113
Q

Tutsis

A

People who held positions of power in Rwanda

114
Q

Indentured Labor

A

A poor person would sign a contract with a colonist that would pay to transport them to a colony who would in turn work for little to no money for 7 years

115
Q

Internment

A

Many people known as enemy aliens were sent to these camps during war

116
Q

Kashmir

A

A region located where the borders of India and Pakistan meet. Both countries are fighting for ownership

117
Q

Numbered Treaties

A

Treaties signed by First Nations and the government in which First Nations agreed to give up land in exchange for money and living on reserves

118
Q

Silk Road

A

A trade route that exchanged goods and ideas

119
Q

Statement of reconciliation

A

The Canadian government response to past treatment of First Nations people

120
Q

Triangular Trade

A

A slave trade route that went from Africa to North America and then raw materials were sent back to Europe

121
Q

White man’s burden

A

White colonizers belief that they had to impose their civilization on black slaves

122
Q

Alternative Energy Sources

A

Energy sources such as solar and wind power that have fewer environmental impacts and are more sustainable

123
Q

Clear Cutting

A

Cutting down vast amounts of trees in one area

124
Q

Blood/Conflict diamond

A

A term used for diamonds mined in a war zone and used to finance the war

125
Q

E-commerce

A

Refers to businesses such as Amazon that sell products online

126
Q

Foreign Investment

A

The purchase of assets in one country by individuals, institutions, or governments in another country

127
Q

GATT

A

Created out of the Breton Woods conference, countries that signed the agreement agreed to gradually reduce tariffs and other trade barriers

128
Q

Gross National Happiness Index

A

Based on Buddhist values, and focuses on the happiness and well being of the people in the country. Aims to promote cultural values and good government

129
Q

Great Depression

A

An economic depression when the stock market crashed and many people lost a lot of money

130
Q

Green belt Movement

A

A movement created by Wangari Maathai in which she helped to plant trees in the African rainforest

131
Q

Human Development Index (HDI)

A

Created by the UN, measure the quality of life of different countries. Based on life expectancy, school enrollment, and standard of living

132
Q

International Monetary Fund

A

Mapped out of Breton Woods, helped to expand trade. To provide short term loans to developing countries

133
Q

Mixed Market Economy

A

An economic system in which private and government businesses coexist

134
Q

Maquiladoras

A

American Businesses along the strip of US Mexico Border that employ Mexican women at low wages to help support the Mexican economy

135
Q

Nationalization

A

The transfer of private ownership to government ownership

136
Q

Selective Cutting

A

The cutting of trees to promote diversity by getting rid of old dead ones

137
Q

Ship breaking

A

Old ships that are sold to developing countries to be broken down so that they can sell the scrap metal

138
Q

Standard of living

A

The degree of wealth and material comfort available to a person or community

139
Q

Subsidy

A

A sum of money granted to a public body to assist an industry or business to keep prices low

140
Q

Tar sands

A

A large source of greenhouse gas emissions in Alberta that provide energy

141
Q

World Bank

A

Created out of the Breton woods conference to increase growth and infrastructure projects

142
Q

Active consumers

A

Can mailers who are active in what products they want to buy through protests or boycotts

143
Q

Active corporations

A

Corporations that believe good business is important. They support environmental and human rights

144
Q

Blood oil

A

Oil that is obtained through violence or bloodshed

145
Q

Canadian Charter of rights and freedoms

A

A part of the constitution that protects people rights and freedoms

146
Q

Collective bargaining

A

A negotiation of wages and other conditions of employment organized by employees

147
Q

Effective governance

A

When people are governed effectively and their quality of life improves

148
Q

Fair trade

A

Trade in which fairer prices are paid to producers in developing countries

149
Q

Global Citizen

A

All people have the civic responsibility of caring for the world

150
Q

SARS/Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

A

A pandemic that originated in China that was not reported to the World Health Organization and spread throughout the world

151
Q

Universal declaration on human rights

A

A document released by the UN that reflects rights they believe are universal

152
Q

Big Oil

A

Used to describe the worlds largest public ally traded oil and gas companies ex. Shell, BP

153
Q

Cash Crop

A

Crop that is produced for its value rather than for use by the grower

154
Q

Clear Cut logging

A

A forestry/logging practice in which most of all trees in an area are uniformly cut down

155
Q

Colonialism

A

The policy or practice of acquiring control over another country, occupying it with settlers and exploiting it economically

156
Q

Corporate Citizenship

A

The social responsibility of businesses and the extent to which they meet legal, ethical, and economic responsibilities

157
Q

Disparity

A

A great difference

158
Q

Equalization Payments

A

Money made from one province taken by the federal government and given to other provinces

159
Q

Friedrich Hayek

A

An economist who believed the government should have little control in the economy

160
Q

Have no provinces

A

Manitoba, Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, PEI and Newfoundland and Labrador. The giver allocates equalization payments to them

161
Q

Jean Chrétien

A

A former prime Minister of Canada

162
Q

John Maynard Keynes

A

An economist who believed that when the economy is not doing well, the government should create programs to hire workers

163
Q

Jodi Annan

A

Secretary General of the UN

164
Q

Organization of oil exporting countries (OPEC)

A

The worlds largest oil exporting nation to coordinate oil exporting countries

165
Q

The people paradox

A

People with less money in developing countries have more children in hopes that they can support them even though they can’t afford them

166
Q

Planned obsolescence

A

A policy of producing consumer goods that rapidly become obsolete and require replacing

1. Social 10-1 (24 decks)

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