Module 3B Cognition

Question 1

cognition

Answer 1

thinking, including perception, learning, problem solving, judgment, and memory

Question 2

trial and error

Answer 2

problem-solving strategy in which multiple solutions are attempted until the correct one is found

Question 3

heuristic

Answer 3

mental shortcut that saves time when solving a problem

Question 4

algorithm

Answer 4

problem-solving strategy characterized by a specific set of instructions

Question 5

confirmation bias

Answer 5

faulty heuristic in which you focus on information that confirms your beliefs

Question 6

availability heuristic

Answer 6

faulty heuristic in which you make a decision based on information readily available to
you

Question 7

concept

Answer 7

category or grouping of linguistic information, objects, ideas, or life experiences

Question 8

natural concept (concrete and abstract)

Answer 8

mental groupings that are created “naturally” through your experiences

Question 9

artificial concept

Answer 9

concept that is defined by a very specific set of characteristics

Question 10

prototype

Answer 10

best representation of a concept

Question 11

schema

Answer 11

(plural = schemata) mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts

Question 12

event schema

Answer 12

set of behaviors that are performed the same way each time; also referred to as a cognitive
script

Question 13

cognitive script

Answer 13

set of behaviors that are performed the same way each time; also referred to as an event
schema