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donny rad positioning 1 > Chap 4 elbow review (S1) > Flashcards

Chap 4 elbow review (S1) Flashcards

1
Q

Proximal Carpal bones

A

scaphoid
lunate
triquetrum
pisiform

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2
Q

distal proximal bones

A

trapezium
trapezoid
capitate
hamate

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3
Q

what does radius articulate with distally?
(distal articulation)

A

scaphoid and lunate carpal bones

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4
Q

The capitulum is part of what bone?

A

distal humerus

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5
Q

What view causes cross over?

A

internal elbow
but also PA forearm

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6
Q

What kind of joint is radioulnar?

A

pivot (trochoidal) joint

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7
Q

joints parallel to IR at all times?

A

YES

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8
Q

What joint is elbow, humeroulnar and humeroradial

A

hinge (ginglymus)

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9
Q

What joint is interphalangeal (IP)

A

All IP’s are hinge (ginglymus joints)

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10
Q

What joint is Metacarpophalangeal? (MCP)

A

Condyloid (ellipsoidal)

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11
Q

What joint is Carpometacarpal (CMC)

A

1st digit is Saddle (Sellar) joint
2-5 digits are plane (gliding) joints

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12
Q

What joint is distal radioulnar and proximal radioulnar?

A

pivot (trochoidal) joint

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13
Q

What joint is the radiocarpal joint?

A

ellipsoid (condyloid) joint

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14
Q

What joint is Intercarpal joints?

A

Plane (gliding) joints

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15
Q

arm flexed in 90 degrees

A

lateral position

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16
Q

Position vs projection

A

position is medial for 5th digit
projection is lateromedial for 5th digit

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17
Q

if there is an anterior posterior fracture of the radius, what view would best show this fracture?

A

lateral

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18
Q

Lateral fracture best displayed in?

A

AP view

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19
Q

What view shows the radius and ulna in slight superimposition?

A

AP
Either elbow or forearm

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20
Q

What is the first CMC joint?

A

Sellar (saddle) joint

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21
Q

What demonstrates the scaphoid best?

A

Scaphoid wrist view
CR is15 degrees toward wrist at scaphoid
ulna deviation

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22
Q

what is best demonstrated in a fan lateral?

A

phalanges and IP joints, rest is superimposed

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23
Q

What are the views for thumb?
special one?

A

AP (robert’s view “special view”)
Oblique view
Lateral view

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24
Q

What view shows arthritus?

A

Ball catcher

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25
Q

what view best views carpal tunnel sydrome?

A

Gaynor hart method

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26
Q

What view best displays the hook of the hamate (hamulus)?

A

Gaynor hart method
CR: 25 to 30 degrees long axis of hand 1 inch distal to third MCP (center of the palm)

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27
Q

Colles fx

A

radius and ulna go anterior
distal part goes posterior

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28
Q

Smith fx

A

radius and ulna go posterior
distal part goes anterior

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29
Q

bartons fx

A

Fx of the Posterior lip of the distal radius

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30
Q

Bennets fx

A

fracture at the base of the first metacarpal

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31
Q

boxers fx

A

fracture of the fifth metacarpal

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32
Q

Osteoporosis

A

decrease in bone density
decrease technique

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33
Q

Osteopetrosis

A

hereditary disease resulting in abnormal dense bone
increase technique

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34
Q

how many phalanx on each digit?

A

3 phalanx (distal, middle, proximal) on digits 2-5
2 phalanx on thumb (distal and proximal)

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35
Q

How many IP joints in each digit?

A

2-5 digits: 2 IPs (DIP,PIP)
Thumb: 1 IP

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36
Q

CR for elbow positions:

A

AP: mid-elbow joint
INT:mid-elbow joint
EXT: mid-elbow joint
LAT: mid-elbow joint

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37
Q

CR for forearm view:

A

AP: mid-forearm
LAT: mid-forearm

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38
Q

CR for hand views:

A

PA: 3rd MCP
OBL: 3rd MCP
FAN LAT: 2nd MCP

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39
Q

CR for Digit views:

A

PA:
OBL: PIP
LAT: PIP

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40
Q

CR for wrist views:

A

PA: Mid carpal
OBL: Mid carpal
LAT: Mid carpal
Scaphoid: at scaphoid 15 degree CR toward elbow

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41
Q

Articulation of the trochlea and trochlea notch form?

A

Humeral ulna
(Trochlea on distal humerus)
(Trochlea notch on ulna)

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42
Q

Olecranon process

A

located posterior/superior of ulna
only seen in lateral elbow

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43
Q

Coronoid process

A

Located anterior/inferior of the ulna
seen best in internal elbow oblique

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44
Q

Elbow is in a lateral position, the process of the ulna that inserts into the fossa that is on the distal anterior aspect of the humerus is?

A

Coronoid process
(its going into the coronoid fossa, which is anterior humerus)

45
Q

Elbow is in a lateral position, the process of the ulna that inserts into the fossa that is on the distal posterior aspect of the humerus is?

A

olecranon process
(its going into the olecranon fossa that is posterior humerus)

46
Q

Epicondyle (parallel/perpendicular)
AP:
External:
Lateral:
Internal:

A

AP: Parallel
External: oblique
Lateral: perpendicular
Internal: oblique

47
Q

What is ICER?

A

IC= internal- coronoid (trochlea)
ER= external- radial head (capitulum)

48
Q

What replaces AP elbow?

A

alternate partial flexion elbow
2 projections
forearm parallel- CR mid elbow joint
humerus parallel- CR mid elbow joint

49
Q

What view do you see fat pads on?

A

lateral

50
Q

what are the 3 fat pads?

A

anterior
posterior
supinator fat stripe

51
Q

internal oblique shows:

A

coronoid process & trochlea
(radius and ulna superimposed)

52
Q

external oblique shows:

A

Radial head & capitulum
(frees radius and ulna of superimposition)

53
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: PA finger

A

distal-middle-proximal phalanges
distal metacarpal
associated joints

54
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: OBL finger

A

Oblique view of distal-middle-proximal phalanges
distal metacarpal
associated joints

55
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: LAT finger

A

lateral view of distal-middle-proximal phalanges
distal metacarpal
associated joints

56
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: Thumb

A

first metacarpal
trapezium
distal & proximal phalanges
IP& MCP joints
(LAT: trapezium is superimposed)

57
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: Roberts method

A

AP projection of thumb
first CMC w/o superimposition
base of first metacarpal
trapezium

58
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: PA hand

A

PA projection of hand and wrist
oblique view of thumb
(thumb is normal in OBL hand)

59
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: Fan LAT

A

lateral of entire hand and wrist
best shows phalanges and IP joints
Not metacarpals!

60
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: PA wrist

A

Mid/proximal metacarpals
carpals
distal wrist
ulna

61
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: LAT wrist

A

Distal radius & ulna
carpals
mid-metacarpal

62
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: Obl wrist

A

scaphoid and trapezium
distal radius
Ulna
carpals to mid metal carpals

63
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: AP forearm

A

AP with radius and ulna
minimum of proximal carpals and distal humerus
fat pads

64
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: AP elbow

A

distal humerus
elbow joint space
proximal radius/ulna

65
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: external elbow oblique

A

radial head/ neck
capitulum
distal humerus
elbow joint space
proximal radius/ulna

66
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: internal elbow oblique

A

coronoid process
trochlea
OBL view of:
distal humerus
elbow joint space
proximal radius/ulna

67
Q

Anatomy demonstrated: LAT elbow

A

superimposition of epicondyles
radial head and neck partially superimposed
radial tuberosity

68
Q

what view frees the olecranon of superimposition?

A

lateral

69
Q

what view separates the radial head/neck from the ulna?

A

external

70
Q

where is radial tuberosity located?

A

radius

71
Q

What articulates with the ulna laterally?

A

radius

72
Q

Where is the radial notch located?

A

ulna
(proximal radioulnar)
articulates with radial tubercle/tuberosity

73
Q

Where is the ulna notch located?

A

radius
(distal radioulnar)
articulates with ulna

74
Q

1st Coyle view- radial head

A

CR angled 45 degrees toward shoulder
elbow flexed 90 degrees
hand pronated
mid elbow joint

75
Q

2nd Coyle view

A

CR angled 45 from shoulder
elbow flexed 80 degrees
hand pronated
mid elbow joint

76
Q

alternate Partial flexion elbow

A

2 projections to replace AP elbow (can’t extend)
forearm parallel- mid elbow joint
humerus parallel- mid elbow joint

77
Q

Scaphoid view

A

CR 15 degrees toward the shoulder
ulnar deviation
CR at scaphoid

78
Q

Gaynor hart view

A

CR 25 to 30 degrees long axis of hand
1 inch below 3rd MCP (AKA center of palm)

79
Q

Ball catcher view

A

both hands
CR at 5th MCP (AP)

80
Q

Roberts view

A

15 degrees proximally (toward wrist)
first CMC joint
rule out bennets fx

81
Q

IR size for wrist

A

8 x 10 inches / portrait
50 kvp

82
Q

IR dimensions for digit

A

8 x 10 inches / portait
50 kvp

83
Q

IR dimensions for hand

A

10 x 12 inches/ portrait
50 kvp

84
Q

IR dimensions for elbow

A

10 x 12 inches / portrait
70 kvp

85
Q

IR dimensions for forearm

A

11 x 14 inches smaller patients
14 x 17 inches normal patients / portrait
60 kvp

86
Q

Lunate articulates medially with what carpal?

A

Triquetrum

87
Q

This projection best demonstrates the phalanges in a lateral position?

A

Fan Lateral

88
Q

When performing a Coyle method, either the radial head or the coronoid process are the ROI (reason of interest). This is the CR for Radial head?

A

45 degrees towards the shoulder.

89
Q

The upper extremity is what part of the skeleton?

A

Appendicular skeleton

89
Q

What’s another name for the ellipsoidal joint?

A

Condyloid

90
Q

This anatomy is considered distal to the scaphoid?

A

Trapezium

91
Q

This projection will separate the radial neck, radial head, and tuberosity from superimposition?

A

The External oblique

92
Q

What is the hereditary condition for dense bone?

A

Osteopetrosis

93
Q

Anatomical neck of the humerus separates this anatomy?

A

Humeral head and tubercles

94
Q

The lateral elbow projection best demonstrates this anatomy free of superimposition?

A

Olecranon process

95
Q

The hook of the hamate and the pisiform best demonstrated in this projection?

A

Carpal tunnel view/ Gaynor hart

95
Q

PIP is what type of joint?

A

Hinge or ginglymus

96
Q

AP elbow the humeral epicondyles should be what to the IR?

A

Parallel

97
Q

Located on distal, lateral end of the humerus?

A

Capitulum

98
Q

The metacarpals distal articulation is with this/these?

A

Proximal phalanges

99
Q

Fracture of forearm causing posterior radial displacement is called this?

A

Colles fracture

100
Q

Ulnar deviation best demonstrates this anatomy?

A

Scaphoid

101
Q

Where are the condyles located?

A

Humerus

102
Q

Trochlear notch is on this anatomy?

A

Ulna

103
Q

The ___ is the CR for the 3rd digit on an oblique projection?

A

PIP

104
Q

CR for most hand projections?

A

The third MCP

105
Q

This joint is considered freely moveable?

A

Diarthrodial

106
Q

*On the AP forearm projection, radius and ulna proximal crossover is prevented by doing this?

A

Supination of the hand

107
Q

How do you get the humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the IR?

A

Lateral

donny rad positioning 1 (9 decks)

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