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Endocrine System 2 > Digestive System2 > Flashcards

Digestive System2 Flashcards

1
Q

Esophagus

A

Function, secrete mucus and transport food. pharynx to esophagus / behind mediastinum to stomach

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2
Q

Layers of the esophagus

A
  1. Relax muscular layer / tooth paste tube pushing food down
  2. layer longitunial muscle contractions / moves up and down
  3. layer lower esophagus 2 of them, its to open and close the esophagus
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3
Q

Stomach location

A

Esophagus –> duodenum
Largest distensible 5 to 6 litters of storage

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4
Q

Greater curvature lateral convex and Lesser curvature Medial side smaller curvature

A

J shaped

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5
Q

Cardia

A

Notch attached to Heart

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6
Q

Fundus

A

storage location

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7
Q

Largest and most important part in The stomach

A

The body

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8
Q

Each pyloric

A

Pyloric antrum, pyloric canal, pyloric sphincter

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9
Q

Cardiac Sphincter

A

closest to heart. It closes the sphincter so no flexus flows back in esophagus

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10
Q

GERD

A

Gastro esophageal reflux disease

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11
Q

Hiatal Hernia

A

top part of stomach poke through diaphragm

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12
Q

Gastric folds of mucosa (rugae)

A

Longitudinal folds to allow stretching

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13
Q

3 layers of muscle

A

Circular layer, oblique layer, longitudinal layer they all contract automatically

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14
Q

functions of Stomach

A

mixer, reservoir, creates chyme, secretes gastric juice, some absorption in small intestine

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15
Q

Gastric pits

A

Colombes of simple columnar cells
Gastric glands –> secrete gastrin activates 3,4 cells

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16
Q

Surface mucous cell

A

producing mucus

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17
Q

mucous neck

A

producing mucus

18
Q

Parietal cells:

A

HCI breaking down cells IF. Vitamin D12

19
Q

Chief cells

A

P, GL breaking down proteins and glyceride

20
Q

G cells

A

P, HCI

21
Q

Duodenum

A

25cm long, from pyloric sphincter down to small intestine / C and maybe U shaped

22
Q

Head of pancreas

A

pancreas points towards laterally to spleen

23
Q

Connection with duodenum and Pancreas

A

connected by ducts called: Pancreatic duct - connects bile duct to the hepatopancreatic ampulla guarded by sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla

24
Q

Where is Bile created

A

in the liver stored in bladder

25
Q

Right and Left ducts for liver

A

Cystic duct and common hepatic duct

26
Q

Pancreas acini

A

exocrine: pancreatic juice 1 - 1.5 L

27
Q

Pancreatic islet

A

endocrine: produces glucagon, insulin, somatostatin pancreatic polypeptide

28
Q

Function for pancreatic juice

A

Butter acidic gastric juice for small intestine (chyme)
- Enzymes to digest triglyceride starch, RNA, DNA

29
Q

Liver, Gallbladder

A

Right lobe is bigger then left lobe

30
Q

Right liver

A

caudate lobe and Quadrant lobe

31
Q

Liver Receives what?

A

Liver receives blood from 2 structures
1. hepatic artery (red blood)
2. Hepatic portal vein (blue blood, rich blood)

32
Q

Gallbladder and 3 parts

A

10 cm long / Neck, body, fundus –> storage container for bile 1 L

33
Q

Bile made of what?

A

water, bile salts, lipids, cholesterol, bilirubin

34
Q

Bile role?

A

emulsifies and absorption of lipids –> needs bile to do any kind of break down

35
Q

Hepatocytes

A

Liver cells - organized in rows radiating out

36
Q

Hepatic laminae

A

Between rows

37
Q

whats between hepatic laminae?

A

Sinusoids - most filtrating ability of endothelium cells

38
Q

Portal triad

A

Bile duct, branch of hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein –> incoming blood

39
Q

Both hepatics filter where?

A

Both hepatics filter to the inferior vena cava

40
Q

Bile canaliculi?

A

come together to make bile duct L and R ducts

41
Q

Path of Bile?

A

Liver to duodenum

Endocrine System 2 (7 decks)

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